Lesson 1 1 Dai 1 ka [1] [1] [1] There is now a great Japanese boom in the United States. AJOɍ傫ȓ{̃u[NĂ܂B Amerika Gasshuu-koku ni ima ookina Nihon no buumu ga okotte-i-masu. Colleges and universities, and even high schools, all across the country are offering courses in Japanese. PȑwƑwAănCXN[A͑S鏊œ{̉ےĂ܂B Tanka daigaku to sougou daigaku, soshite haisukuuru sae-mo, wa zenkoku itaru tokoro de Nihon-go no katei wo teikyou-shite-i-masu. [] [] [] It was a peculiar smile, slow and clear, like one who smiles asleep. ͂ՂςłA肵AĂ͂肵AĂققސl̂悤ɁB Sore wa ippuu kawatta bishou deshita, yukkuri-shi, soshite hakkiri-shita, nemutte hohoemu hito no you-ni. [] [] [] The Japanese seemed to have a fairly good grasp of spoken English. {l͌pȂǂ悤Ɍ܂B Nihon-jin wa kougo eigo wo kanari yoku rikai-suru you-ni mie-mashita. [] [] [] I know exactly what kind of day it is a hundred miles away; that there is frost on the fruit blossom; ͂POO}C͂ȂĂǂȎނ̓ł邩𐳊mɒmĂ܂Gʕ̉Ԃ̏ɑƂG Watashi wa hyaku mairu hanarete don-na shurui no hi de-aru ka wo seikaku-ni shitte-i-masu; kudamono no hana no ue ni shimo ga aru to iu koto; Or that it is a perfect morning for harvest, or that on such a morning the sheep will be tumbled into the sheepwash and bleating under the shears. 邢͎nׂ̈̊SȒłƂA邢͂Ȓɗr͗r̒ɂ낰ƂAđ݂̉Ń[[Ɩ‚낤ƂB Arui-wa shuukaku no tame no kanzen-na asa de-aru to iu koto, arui-wa son-na asa ni hitsuji wa hitsuji-arai-ba no naka ni koroge-otosare, soshite oo-basami no shita de mee-mee to naku darou to iu koto. [] [] [] She doesn't really mean it, though. ǂAޏ͖{͂̂‚ł͂܂B Keredo-mo, kanojo wa hontou-wa sore no tsumori de-wa ari-masen. [] [] [] One of my earliest memories is that of a small boy sitting in our village street. ̂LizĵЂƂ‚͎B̑̒ʂɍĂ鏬ȏN̂łB Watashi no ichi-ban hayai kioku ikaisouj no hitotsu wa watashitachi no mura no toori ni suwatte-iru chiisa-na shounen no sore desu. He was surrounded by a group of grey-whiskered old men. ނ͈c̊DF̂Ђ₵NƂjBɈ͂܂Ă܂B Kare wa ichi-dan no hai-iro no hige wo hayashita toshi wo totta otoko-tachi ni kakomarete-i-mashita. [] [] [] Unless children expand their sight, they will never truly grow up. qޓ̎LȂAޓ͌Ė{ɐlɂȂȂł傤B Kodomo-tachi ga karera no shiya wo hiroge-nakereba, karera wa keshite hontou-ni seijin ni nara-nai deshou. [] [] [] It was the law then that when a boy became 18, he had to become a soldier. ̖̓@ł́AN͂PWɂȂƁAmɂȂȂȂ܂łB Sono touji no houritsu de-wa, shounen wa 18 ni naru to, heishi ni nara-nakereba nari-masen deshita. I did not like it. ͂ꂪDł͂܂łB Watashi wa sore ga suki-de-wa ari-masen-deshita. Lesson 2 2 Dai 2 ka "No matter what you did to a face like that it'd be an improvement." uȂ̂悤Ȋɂł낤Ƃ͉Płł傤Bv "Anata ga so no you-na kao ni shita koto ga nan-de arou-to sore wa kaizen de-aru deshou." [] [] [] The second step that should be taken is more difficult than the mere accumulation of knowledge about conditions and attitudes in other parts of the world. ׂłQԖڂ݂͐̕Êق̒nł̏ԁi, jƑԓxɂ‚Ă̒m̒PȂ~ςłB Torareru beki-de-aru ni ban-me no ayumi wa sekai no hoka no chi-iki de no joutai ijouken, joukyouj to taido ni tsuite no chishiki no tan-naru chikuseki yori mudsukashii desu. [] [] [] Who will look after them if the nest is empty? łȂΒNޓij̐bł傤H Su ga kara de-aru naraba dare ga karera isoreraj no sewa wo suru deshou ka? "I wouldn't trust anything else for your fever." u͂Ȃ̔MiMjׂ̈ɂقɉMȂł傤Bv "Watashi wa anata no netsu inekkyouj no tame ni hoka-ni nani-mo shinrai-shi-nai deshou." Just as Freud found out when he tried to understand the unconcious mind, it is our fear that we hide. ܂Freudނӎ̐S𗝉悤Ɠw͂悤ɁAB͎̂B̋łB Masani Freud ga kare ga mu-ishiki-no kokoro wo rikai-shi-you to doryoku-shita toki hakken-shita you-ni, watashitachi ga kakusu no-wa watashitachi no osore desu. [] [] [] Most sport today is the 'work' of skilled professionals. ̂ẴX|[c͏nv́fdfłB Kon-nichi no taitei-no supootsu wa jukuren-shita puro no 'shigoto' desu. Football, or 'soccer', is an example of a professional game. tbg{[AȂ킿fTbJ[fA̓ṽQ[̗łB Huttobooru, sunawachi 'sakkaa', wa puro no geemu no rei desu. [] [] [] The words here are written in large 3-D typeface above several packets of cigarettes in an advertisement where a background sky flashes with lightning. Ƃ͂ł͔wi̋Ȃł҂ƌL̒Ɏ̂‚̏̏ɑ傫3-D̊ŏĂ܂B Kotoba wa koko de-wa haikei no sora ga inazuma de pikatto hikaru koukoku no naka ni kami-maki tabako no ikutsu-ka no kodsutsumi no ue ni ooki-na 3-D no katsuji de kakarete-i-masu. [3] [3] [3] When you traveled through time, life could get really confusing. Ȃʉ߂ėA͂܂卬Ɋׂ"\܂B Anata ga toki wo tsuuka-shite tabi wo shita toki, seikatsu wa mattaku dai-konran ni ochi-iru kanou-sei ga ari-mashita. The clock tower read 10:04. v͂POOSƓǂ߂܂B Tokei-tou wa 10 ji 04 hun to yome-mashita. [] [] [] "You know," my father said, "about General Grant's book, his memories." uȂ͒mĂł傤vƎ͌̕܂Buނ̉złOgR̖{ɂ‚āBv "Anata wa shitte-iru deshou" to watashi no chichi wa ii-mashita. "Kare no kaisou de-aru Guranto shougun no hon ni tsuite." "You've read of how he said he had a headache and how, when he got word that Lee was ready to call it quits, he was suddenly and miraculously cured." uȂ͂ǂ̂悤ɔނɂƌAĂǂ̂悤ɁAނLeeɂpӂoĂƂƂAˑRAՓIɂȂꂽɂ‚ēǂ݂܂Bv "Anata wa dono you-ni kare ga dsutsuu ga suru to itta ka, soshite dono you-ni, kare wa Lee ga hikiwake ni suru youi ga dekite-iru to iu kotoba wo uketotta toki, totsuzen, kiseki-teki-ni naosareta ka ni-tsuite yomi-mashita." [] [] [] Reading Ǐ Dokusho-suru Crime has its own cycles, a magazine reported some years ago. ߁iƍ߁jɂ͂ꎩg̎AƂGNOɕ܂B Tsumi ihanzaij ni wa sore jishin no shuuki ga aru, to aru zasshi ga nan-nen ka mae ni houkoku-shi-mashita. Police records that were studied for five years over 2400 cities and towns show a surprising link between changes in the season and crime patterns. QSOO̓ssƒɂ‚ĂTNԒꂽx@̋L^͋G߂̕ωƔƍ߂̃p^[̊Ԃɋׂ̗ւ܂B 2400 no toshi to machi ni tsuite go nen-kan chousa-sareta keisatsu no kiroku wa kisetsu no henka to hanzai no pataan no aida ni odoroku-beki kusari no wa wo shimeshi-masu. The pattern of crime has varied very little over a long period of years. ƍ߂̂̃p^[͒NɓnĖwǕω܂łB Hanzai no sono pataan wa nagai nengetsu ni watatte hotondo henka-shi-masen deshita. [] [] [] We are a moving people, constantly on the move, and but lightly bound to home or community. B͓łA₦ĂAĂق̌yƂnЉɑĂB Watashitachi wa ugoku minzoku desu, taezu ugoite-iru, soshite hon-no karuku ie ka chiiki shakai ni sokubaku-sarete-iru. [] [] [] When I experienced the characteristic smell of it cooking in a friend's kitchen, it brought me violent nausea. Fl̑䏊ŎςĂ邻L̏LoA͎ɌfC炵܂B Watashi ga yuujin no daidokoro de niete-iru sore tokuyuu-no nioi wo keiken-shita toki, sore wa watashi ni hageshii hakike wo motarashi-mashita. [] [] [] It is important to remember that polite fictions don't normally function at the conscious level. I^e}G͕i͈ӎꂽxł͓ȂƂڂĂ鎖͏dvłB Bunka-teki tatemae wa hudan wa ishiki-sareta reberu de-wa hataraki wo shi-nai to iu koto wo oboete-iru koto wa juuyou desu. But in ordinary social situations, you are supposed to leave your wife's faults politely unstated. ʂ̎ЉIȏ̒ł́AȂ͗VAȂ̍Ȃ̌_ɂ‚Ă͌yȂł̂Ƒz肳Ă܂B Shikashi hutsuu no shakai-teki-na joukyou no naka de-wa, anata wa reigi-tadashiku, anata no tsuma no ketten ni-tsuite-wa genkyuu-shi-nai de-oku mono to soutei-sarete-i-masu. "Actually, she is a nice person; we just don't get along very well." uۂɁAޏ͐eȐlłGB͂Pɂ܂肤܂čsȂłBv "Jissai-ni, kanojo wa shinsetsu-na hito desu; watashitachi wa tada tan-ni amari umaku yatte-yuke-nai dake desu." [] [] [] When building began, workers first had to level the land and then lay a bedrock of parallel stone slabs. ݂n܂Al͏߂ɒnʂɂAĕsȐ̌‚̊ՂuȂȂ܂łB Kensetsu ga hajimatta toki, hataraku hito wa hajime-ni jimen wo taira-ni shi, soshite heikou-na ishi no atsu-ita no kiban wo oka-nakereba nari-masen deshita. They erected inner and outer walls of stone slabs. ޓ͐̌‚̓ƊO̕ǂĂ܂B Karera wa ishi no atsu-ita no naibu to soto no kabe wo tate-mashita. [] [] [] I met him on the 4th and the 5th of December. ͂PQSƂTɔނɉ܂B Watashi wa juuni-gatsu yokka to itsuka ni kare ni ai-mashita. He was walkin' on the street. ނ͒ʂĂ܂B Kare wa toori wo aruite-i-mashita. Lesson 3 3 Dai 3 ka [] [] [] The dogs had got the meat out of the grain bag, that was all. ͍܂oĂ܂AꂪׂĂłB Inu wa kokumotsu-bukuro kara tori-dashita niku wo motte-i-mashita, sore ga subete deshita. Her body was frozen stiff when it was found, and the shoulders were so narrow and the body was so slight that in death it looked like the body of a charming young girl. ޏ̎̂͂i̎́jtꂽĂ܂BČ͂ƂĂÁíj͂ƂĂق肵Ă̂ŁA̒ɂ͖͓IȎႢ̑́íj̗lɌ܂B Kanojo no shitai wa sore isono shitaij ga mitsuke-rareta toki kataku koottei-mashita. Soshite kata wa totemo semaku, karada ishitaij wa totemo hossori-shite-ita no-de, shi no naka ni sore wa miryokuteki-na wakai musume-san no karada ishitaij no you-ni mie-mashita. Such things happened in towns of the Middle West, on farms near town, when I was a boy. NAȎ̒̓ssߍx̔_ŋN܂B Watashi ga shounen datta toki, son-na koto ga Chuu-Seibu no machi no toshi kinkou no noujou de okori-mashita. A hunter out after rabbits found the old woman's body and he did not touch it. ETMǂďoĂlVwl̎̂t܂BĔނ͂ɐG܂łB Usagi wo otte dete-ita karyuudo ga rou-hujin no shitai wo mitsuke-mashita. Soshite kare wa sore ni hure-masen deshita. Something; G Nani-ka; the beaten round path in the little snow-covered clearing, the silence of the place, the place where the dogs had worried the body trying to pull the grain bag away or tear it open; ȐŕꂽJn̓ł߂ꂽۂȀꏊ̐ÂA܂J悤ƂĂ̎̂킦ĐUꏊG Chiisa-na yuki de oowareta kaikon-chi no humi-katame-rareta marui ko-michi, sono basho no shizukesa, inu ga kokumotsu-bukuro wo hiki-hanasu ka sore wo saki-ake-you to-shite sono shitai wo kuwaete huri-mawashita basho; something startled the man and he hurried off to town. jт肳܂BĔނ͋}Œ֗܂B Nani-ka ga otoko wo bikkuri-sase-mashita. Soshite kare wa isoide machi e tachi-sari-mashita. I was in Main Street with one of my brothers who was town newsboy and was taking the afternoon papers to the stores. ́AXߌ̐VčsƂ낾̐VNł鎄̌ẐPlƈꏏɖڂʂʂɂ܂B Watashi wa, mise e gogo no shinbun wo motte-yukutokoro datta machi no shinbun shounen de-aru watashi no kyoudai no hitori to issho-ni Menuki-doori ni i-mashita. It was almost night. قƂǖɂȂĂ܂B Hotondo yoru ni natte-i-mashita. The hunter came into a grocery and told his story. l͐HiX̒ɓėāAނ̘b`܂B Karyuudo wa shokuryouhin-ten no naka ni haitte-kite, kare no hanashi wo tsutae-mashita. Then he went to a hardware shop and into a drugstore. ꂩނ͋ނ̓XɍsAꂩhbOXgA̒֓܂B Sore kara kare wa kanamono-rui no mise ni iki, sore-kara doraggu-sutoaa no naka e hairi-mashita. Men began to gather on the sidewalks. jBɏW܂n߂܂B Otoko-tachi ga hodou ni atsumari hajime-mashita. Then they started out along the road to the place in the woods. ꂩޓ͂̐X̏ꏊɌēɉďočs܂B Sore kara karera wa sono mori no basho ni mukatte michi ni sotte shuppatsu-shite-iki-mashita. [] [] [] The summer Olympics run for about two weeks. ẴIsbN͂QTقǑ܂B Natsu no Orinpikku taikai wa ni shuu hodo tsudsuki-masu. And the summer athletic events are subdivided into five areas; ĉĂ̋Zڂ͂T‚̗̈̒敪܂G Soshite natsu no kyougi shumoku wa itsutsu no ryouiki no naka e kubun-sare-masu; Tracks and field sports, gymnasium competition, water sports, team events and riding competition. ㋣ZAZAjZAc̋ZƏnю]ԋZłB Rikujou kyougi, okunai kyougi, suiei kyougi, dantai kyougi to jouba oyobi jitensha kyougi desu. [] [] [] As a little girl reading fairy tales long ago, I can remember always wanting to be the princess in the story. ̂ނƂbǂł鏬ȏ̎qƂāA͂‚b̒̉iݕvljɂȂ肽voo܂B Mukashi-mukashi otogi-banashi wo yonde-iru chiisa-na onna-no-ko to shite, watashi wa itsumo hanashi no naka no oujo ikoushaku hujinj ni nari-takatta koto wo omoi-dasu koto ga deki-masu. [] [] [] October 12 is Columbus Day. POPQ̓AJ嗤LOłB Juu-gatsu 12 nichi wa Amerika tairiku hakken kinen-bi desu. That was the day in 1492 on which Christpher Columbus landed on a small island in the Caribbean. ͂PSXQN NXgt@[ RuXJuCŏȓɏ㗤̓łB Sore wa 1492 nen ni Kurisutofaa Koronbusu ga Karibu-kai de chiisa-na shima ni jouriku-shita sono hi deshita. Columbus ushered in the age of European exploration, conquest and settlement of the Western Hemisphere. RuX̓[bp̐ւ̒TAƐA̎̐삯ƂȂ܂B Koronbusu wa Yooroppa no Nishi-hankyuu e-no tanken, seihuku to shokumin no jidai no sakigake to nari-mashita. [] [] [] When lawyers hear of an accident, the "ambulance chasers" race each other to get to the injured person first and offer their services for free. ٌm̂̎Áu~}Ԃ̒ǐՎҁv͏߂ɉlɒ߂ɂɋāAŔޓ̃T[rX܂B Bengoshi ga jiko no koto wo kiku toki, sono "kyuukyuusha no tsuiseki-sha" wa hajime-ni kega wo shita hito ni tsuku tame ni otagai-ni kyousou-shite, muryou de karera no saabisu wo teikyou-shi-masu. Since the case will cost the injured person nothing, and he could make a lot of money from a victory, he may agree to file suit even if he knows the accident was his own fault. iׂ͉lɂȂɂ₳Ȃ낤Aނ͏炨鎖o邩Ȃ̂ŁA̎̂ގg̉ߎ̂mĂƂĂނ͑iׂNɓӂ邩܂B Soshou wa kega wo shita hito ni nani-mo tsuiya-sase-nai darou-shi, kare wa shouri kara okane wo takusan moukeru koto ga dekiru kamo-shirenai no-de, sono jiko ga kare jishin no kashitsu datta no wo shitte-iru to shite-mo kare wa soshou wo okosu koto ni doui-suru kamo-shire-masen. [] [] [] Everyone has the right to choose what risks they take, however great they may be. ǂȂɂi̊댯j傫ȂǁA݂Ȃ̊댯ޓ邩IԌĂ܂B Donna-ni sorera isorera no kikenj ga ookii kamo-shirenai keredo, minna ga nan-no kiken wo karera ga toru ka wo erabu kenri wo motte-i-masu. However, often the statement really means 'I have a nasty feeling that smoking is bad for my health, but I would rather not think about it.' AΒqij́f͋ǐ͎NɈƂsȋCĂ܂B͂ނ낻ɂ‚člȂł傤f{͈Ӗ܂B Shikashi, shiba-shiba chinjutsu iseimeij wa 'watashi wa kitsuen wa watashi no kenkou ni warui to iu hukai-na kimochi wo motte-i-masu. Shikashi watashi wa mushiro sore ni tsuite kangae-nai deshou' wo hontou-wa imi-shi-masu. With some of these people the bluff can be called and they can be asked to explain what they think the risk to their own health is. ̐lтƂ̂lɑẮA̓J鎖oAĔޓiޏBjɂ͉ޓiޏBjǧNɊ댯łƍlĂ邩lɗގo܂B Korera no hito-bito no ikunin ka ni taishite-wa te no uchi wo koukai-saseru koto ga dekiru, soshite karera ikanojo-tachij ni-wa nani ga karera ikanojo-tachij jishin no kenkou ni kiken de-aru to kangaete-iru ka wo setsumei-suru you-ni tanomu koto ga deki-masu. [] [] [] After Coke escaped from prison, he found a small house several miles away from the nearest village. R[N͌Y瓦ƂŁA߂琔}CꂽȉƂt܂B Kooku wa keimusho kara nigeta ato de, ichi-ban chikai mura kara suu mairu hanareta chiisa-na ie wo mitsuke-mashita. The old lady in the house gave him food and clothes. ̉Ƃ̔NƂwl͔ނɐHוƕ^܂B Sono ie no toshi wo totta hujin wa kare ni tabe-mono to huku wo atae-mashita. A policeman came out to her house to tell her to look out for Coke. xR[NɋC‚悤ɂƔޏɌ߂ɔޏ̉Ƃɏoė܂B Keikan ga Kooku ni ki-wo-tsukeru you-ni to kanojo ni iu tame ni kanojo no ie ni dete-ki-mashita. The deaf old lady did not hear the knock, but Coke did. ȂNƂwl͌˂܂łBR[N͕܂B Mimi ga kikoe-nai toshi wo totta hujin wa to wo tataku oto ga kikoe-masen deshita. Shikashi Kooku wa kikoe-mashita. Whoever it was obviously knew there was someone inside because there was a light on and smoke coming from the chimney. NƂĂ‚Ă閾Ɖ˂痈鉌L̂œɂꂩ𖾔ɒmĂ܂B Dare datta to-shitemo tsuite iru akari to entotsu kara kuru kemuri ga atta no-de uchigawa ni dare-ka ga ita koto wo meihaku-ni shitte-i-mashita. [] [] [] "She had the maddest kind of ideas," said Amanda; uޏ͂Cނ̍lĂ܂vƃA}_͌܂G "Kanojo wa ichi-ban ki ga kurutta shurui no kangae wo motte-i-mashita" to Amanda wa ii-mashita; "do you know if there was any insanity in her family?" uȂ͔ޏ̉Ƒ̒ɉ炩̋CLǂmĂ܂Hv "Anata wa kanojo no kazoku no naka ni nan-ra-ka no kyouki ga atta ka douka shitte-i-masu ka?" "Insanity? No, I never heard of any. Her father lives in West Kensington, but I believe he's sane on all other subjects." uCH@A͂܂܂ňxL܂Bޏ͐̕KensingtonɏZł܂B͑̑SĂ̑ڂɂ‚ĔނCł̂MĂ܂Bv "Kyouki? Iie, watashi wa ima-made ichi-do mo kiita koto ga ari-masen. Kanojo no chichi wa Nishi Kensington ni sunde-i-masu. Shikashi watashi wa hoka-no subete-no daimoku ni tsuite kare ga shouki de-aru no wo shinjite-i-masu." "She had an idea that she was going to be reincarnated as an otter," said Amanda. uޏ̓JE\ɐ܂ς낤ƂĂƂlĂ܂vƃA}_͌܂B "Kanojo wa kawauso ni umare-kawarou to shite-iru to iu kangae wo motte-i-mashita" to Amanda wa ii-mashita. "One meets with those ideas of reincarnation so frequently, even in the West," said Sir Lulworth, "that one can hardly set them down as being mad." ul͐łAƂĂΐ܂ς̂̍lɏo킷̂ŁvLulworth͌܂BuCĂƂ݂Ȃ͂قƂǏo܂Bv "Hito wa Seibu de sae-mo, totemo shiba-shiba umare-kawari no sorera no kangae ni dekuwasu node" to Lulworth kyou wa ii-mashita. "Sorera wo ki ga kurutte-iru to minaru koto wa hotondo deki-masen." "And Laura was such an unaccountable person in this life that I should not like to lay down definite rules as to what she might be doing in an after state.
知事はeaslyどのように私は彼と接触して入手できますか " uă[͌łƂĂs‰Ȑl̂ŁA͗ŔޏĂ邩Ȃɂ‚Ă̖mȋK߂͂܂Bv "Soshite Roora wa gense de totemo hukakai-na hito datta no-de, watashi wa raise de kanojo ga shite-iru kamo shirenai koto ni-tsuite no meikaku-na kisoku wo sadame-taku-wa ari-masen." "You think she really might have passed into some animal form?" asked Amanda. uȂ́Aޏ{ɉ̌`ɕωȂƎvĂ܂HvƃA}_͂˂܂B "Anata wa, kanojo ga hontou-ni nani-ka doubutsu no katachi ni henka-shita kamo shirenai to omotte-i-masu?" to Amanda wa tazune-mashita. She was one of those who shape their opinions rather readily from the standpoint of those around them. ޏ͎͂̐lX̗ꂩՂɎ̈ӌ`ÂlB̂PlłB Kanojo wa shuui no hitobito no tachiba kara yaya an-i-ni jibun no iken wo katachi-dsukuru hito-tachi no hitori deshita. Just then Egbert entered the breakfast-room, wearing an air of bereavement that Laura's demise would have been insufficient, in itself, to account for. 傤ǂ̂ƂEgbert͒H|ɓ܂A[̐͐邽߂ɂ́Aꂾł͕s\낤Ƃʂ̗lqāB Choudo sono toki Egbert wa choushoku-heya ni hairi-mashita, Roora no seikyo wa setsumei wo suru tame ni wa, sore-dake de-wa hu-juubun datta darou to iu shibetsu no yousu wo shite. "four of my speckled Sussex have been killed," he exclaimed; "the very four that were to go to the show on Friday." ûŜ܂̃TZbNXE܂vƔނ͑吺ŋт܂Gû܂ɋjɃV[ɍsɂȂĂƂ̂SBv "Watashi no yon tou no madara-no Sasekkusu-gyuu ga korosare-mashita" to kare wa oogoe de sakebi-mashita; "Sono masani kin-you-bi ni shoo ni iku koto ni natte-ita tokoro no yon tou." "One of them was dragged away and eaten right in the middle of that new carnation bed that I've been to such trouble and expense over." ûP‚͎ɂ߂ǂƎxoɍs̐VJ[l[Ṽxbĥ傤ǐ^Ɉ藣ĐHׂ܂Bv "Sorera no hitotsu wa watashi ga hijou-ni mendou to shishutsu ni itta ano atarashii kaaneeshon no beddo no choudo man-naka ni hikizuri-hanasarete tabe-rare-mashita." [] [] [] "I can't imagine you as an otter", said Amanda. u͂ȂJE\Ƃđz鎖o܂vƃA}_͌܂B "Watashi wa anata wo kawauso to shite souzou-suru koto ga deki-masen" to Amanda wa ii-mashita. "Well, I don't suppose you can imagine me as an angel, if it comes to that", said Laura. uƁAɂ‚ČȂÁAȂVgƂđz鎖oƎv܂vƃ[͌܂B "Eeto, sore ni-tsuite iu nara, watashi wa, anata ga watashi wo tenshi to shite souzou-suru koto ga dekiru to omoi-masen" to Roora wa ii-mashita. Amanda was silent. A}_͒قĂ܂B Amanda wa chinmoku-sitei-mashita. She couldn't. ޏ͑z鎖o܂łB Kanojo wa souzou-suru koto ga deki-masen deshita. "Personally I think an otter life would be rather enjoyable, salmon to eat all the year round, and the satisfaction of being able to fetch the trout in their own house." ulIɂ͎̓JE\̐y낤Ǝv܂ANイHׂ邽߂̍AĔޓg̉Ƃɂ܂ė鎖o閞Bv "Kojinteki-niwa watashi wa kawauso no seikatsu ga yaya tanoshii darou to omoi-masu, ichinen-juu taberu tame no sake, soshite karera jishin no ie ni masu wo totte-kuru koto ga dekiru manzoku." "It is possible to do without having to wait for hours till they condescend to rise to the fly you've been dangling before them." uޓiޏBjȂޓi, ޏBj̑OɂԂ炳Ăɂւ艺ċN鎞܂ʼnԂ҂ȂȂȂȂł܂͉"\łBv "Karera ikanojo-tachij ga anata ga karera isorera, kanojo-tachij no mae ni burasagete-ita hae ni herikudatte okiru toki made nan-jikan mo mata-nakereba nara-nai koto nashi de sumasu koto wa kanou desu." "And an elegant svelte figure ..." said Laura. uďiȂƂp...vƃ[͌܂B "Soshite jouhin-na surari-to-shita sugata..." to Roora wa ii-mashita. [] [] [] Imagine what you might have seen or could have done if you had been in the place listed on page 45 at the right time. ȂKȎɂSTy[WɁiŁjLꂽ̏ꏊɂȂΌȂA邢͂鎖ozȂB Anata ga tekisetsu-na toki ni 45 peeji ni idej kinyuu-sareta sono basho ni ita naraba mita kamo shirenai, arui-wa suru koto ga dekita koto wo souzou-shi-nasai. If I had been in Vienna in 1791, I might have seen Mozart conducted premiere of The Magic Flute. ͂PVXPNɃEB[ɂȂA[c@gJ̏ŵ܂B Watashi wa 1791 nen ni Uiin ni ita naraba, Mootsuaruto ga Mateki no shoen wo shiki-shita-no wo mita kamo shire-masen. If I had been in London in 1863, I might have seen first underground railway opened. ͂PWURNɃhɂȂAŏ̒nSJꂽ̂܂B Watashi wa 1863 nen ni Rondon ni ita naraba, saisho no chikatetsu ga hirakareta-no wo mita kamo shire-masen. [] [] [] "You are not going to deny that all my life I've been hardworking, decent, respectable and straightforward." uȂ͐UΕׂŁAiŁAhׂAĐƂے肵悤Ƃ͂Ȃł傤Bv "Anata wa shougai watashi ga kinben-de, jouhin-de, sonkei-su-beki, soshite shoujiki datta to iu koto wo hitei-shi-you to-wa shi-nai deshou." "And you can't deny that Tom has been an idle, worthless, dissolute and dishonourable rogue." uĂȂ̓gԂ傤ȁAlAŕs_ȈҁiqjƂےo܂Bv "Soshite anata wa Tomu ga bushou-na, kachi ga nai, houtou-de humeiyo-na warumono iitazurakkoj datta to iu koto wo hitei-deki-masen." Lesson 4 4 Dai 4 ka [1] [1] [1] It's the 17th of March in New York. j[[N͂RPVłB Nyuu-yooku wa san-gatsu 17 nichi desu. And the drums are beating and bagpipes are skirling as the kilted sons of Erin march proudly up Fifth Avenue. ẴXJ[gɏcЂErin̑qBւ炵ɂTԊXsi鎞ɑۂ͖‚苿AobOpCv͂ҁ[ҁ[Ɩ‚Ă܂B Soshite sono sukaato ni tate-hida wo totta Erin no musuko-tachi ga hokorashige-ni Go-ban Gai wo koushin-suru toki ni taiko wa nari-hibiki, baggu-paipu wa pii-pii to natte-i-masu. Fifth Avenue has been decorated for the 17th of March with green traffic stripes and countless flags. TԊX͂RPV̂߂ɗΐF̌ʂ̋ƐȂŏtĂ܂B Go-ban Gai wa san-gatsu 17 nichi no tame-ni midori-iro no koutsuu no suji to kazoe-kirenai hata de kazaritsuke-rarete-i-masu. Flags are the traditional golden harp on a field of green, the green, white, and orange of the Irish Republic, and America's Stars and Stripes. ͗ΐF̒n̓`Iȁi`́ĵċՁAACha̗ΐFAAƃIWAƃAJ̐łB Hata wa midori-iro no ji no dentou-teki-na idensetsu noj kin no tategoto, Airurando Kyouwa-koku no midori-iro, shiro, to orenji, to Amerika no Seijou-ki desu. This is the great day of the year for every American in whose veins flows a drop of Irish blood. ͐Ö̒ɃAChľt̂邷ׂẴAJlɂƂĂPN̓ŏdvȓłB Kore wa joumyaku no naka ni Airurando-jin no ketsueki no shizuku ga nagareru subete-no Amerika-jin ni totte ichi-nen no uchi-de juuyou-na hi desu. And the reviewing stand at St. Patrick's Cathedral contains all the notables of state and city. ĐpgbN̑吹̊ϗȂ͏BƓsŝׂĂ̒l܂ł܂B Soshite Sei Patorikku no Dai-seidou no kanran-seki wa shuu to toshi no subete no chomeijin wo hukunde-i-masu. The notables of state and city are cardinals, governor and mayor, commissioners and senators and councilmen and assemblymen. BƓss̒l͐@AmƎsAƏ@cƏBccƏBc@cłB Shuu to toshi no chomeijin wa suukikei, chiji to shichou, choukan to jou-in gi-in to shuu-gikai gi-in to shuu-gikai kain gi-in desu. Not all of them are by any means Irish extraction. ޓiĵׂĂ炩̈ӖŃACȟƂ킯ł͂܂B Karera isoreraj no subete ga nanra-ka no imi de Airurando no kettou to-iu wake de-wa ari-masen. The notables of state and city plus representatives of the Federal government, the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and all of New York's countless other racial groups; BƓss̒lĘAM{ARACRARAj[[N̐Ȃق̐lׂ̂ẴO[v̑\ҁG Shuu to toshi no chomeijin soshite Renpou seihu, Riku-gun, Kai-gun, Kuu-gun, ya Nyuu-yooku no kazoe-kirenai hoka no jinshu no subete no guruupu no daihyou-sha; they join their Irish fellow-Americans in celebrating Ireland's day of glory and in wearing Erin's green in tribute to a race who has contributed so much to make our country great. ޓ͂̂悤ɂB̍̑ɂ邽߂ɍvlErin̗ΐF𒅁AACh̉h̓jāAޓ̃AChl̃AJlEɉ܂B Karera wa sono you-ni takusan watashitachi no kuni wo idai ni suru tame ni kouken-shita jinshu wo tataete Erin no midori-iro wo ki, Airurando no eikou no hi wo iwatte, karera no Airurando-jin no Amerika-jin douhou ni kuwawari-masu. [2] [2] [2] The country beyond the Mississippi remained to be thoroughly opened up. ~VVbš̒n͂܂Sɂ͊JꂸɎcĂ܂B Mishishippi no mukou no chihou wa mada kanzen-ni-wa hirakarezu-ni nokotte-i-mashita. But this was also the inaugural period of the new mechanical model of transportation, the Iron Horse. ͗A@ւ̐V@B̃fAS̔nȂnł܂B Shikashi kore wa yusou kikan no atarashii kikai no moderu, Tetsu no Uma, no sousou-ki de-mo-ari-mashita. Railroad lines had to be built to link the East to the West, the North to the South. S̐ɐAkɓ암‚Ȃ߂ɑȂȂ܂łB Tetsudou no sen ga Toubu ni Seibu, Hokubu ni Nanbu wo tsunagu tame ni tsukurare-nakereba nari-masen deshita. Also, the railroad demanded vast quantities of fuel. ܂AS͔ȗʂ̔Rv܂B Mata, tetsudou wa bakudai-na ryou no nenryou wo youkyuu-shi-mashita. The anthracite lay in abundance in the western part of Pennsylvania, eastern Kentucky, and the mountainous sections of what was then Virginia and is today West Virginia. Y̓yVxjA̐̒nÃP^bL[AƂ̍ɂ̓o[WjAōEFXgo[WjAłƂ̎RxnŖLxɂ܂B Muen-tan wa Penshirubenia no nishi no chi-iki, higashi no Kentakkii, to sono koro ni-wa Baajinia de kon-nichi Uesutobaajinia de-aru tokoro no sangaku chi-iki de houhu ni ari-mashita. Willing, strong-armed workers for the railroad and mines were needed in large numbers. SƍzRׁ̈iāj̎IȁAr͂̋lʂɕKvƂ܂B Tetsudou to kouzan no tame i muketej no jihatsu-teki-na, wanryoku no tsuyoi hataraku hito ga tairyou-ni hitsuyou-to sare-mashita. The Irish immigrants supplied that need. AChl̈ږ͂̕Kv܂B Airurando-jin no imin wa sono hitsuyou wo kyoukyuu-shi-mashita. Labor unions were not yet in vogue, and the workers, particularly if they were foreigners and immigrants, were mercilessly exploited. Jg͂܂sĂ܂łBēĺAɔޓOlƈږȂA߂ɍ悳܂B Roudou kumiai wa mada hayatte-i-masen deshita. Soshite hataraku hito wa, toku-ni karera ga gaikoku-jin to imin datta naraba, mujihi-ni sakushu-sare-mashita. Scanty towns arose along the course of the railroads. nȒS̐iHɉČ܂B Hinjaku-na machi ga tetsudou no shinro ni sotte araware-mashita. Company stores kept the workers forever in debt, and created a new type of slavery. Ђ̓XliɎ؋ЂɂāAzꐧ̐V^Cvn܂B Kaisha no mise ga hataraku hito wo eien-ni shakkin-dsuke ni shite, dorei-sei no atarashii taipu wo souzou-shi-mashita. The "poor Irish" became proverbial. ́uni킢ȁjAChlv͂Ƃ킴ɂȂɂȂ܂B Sono "Mazushii ikawaisou-naj Airurando-jin" wa kotowaza ni naru hodo ni nari-mashita. So did the expression "the other side of the railroad tracks." uS̐H̔ΑvƂ\łB "Tetsudou no senro no hantai-gawa" to iu hyougen mo sou deshita. Occasionally, the Irish reacted violently to the exploitation of which they were the victims. ܂AAChl͔ޓ]҂Ɍi\Ɂj܂B Toki-ori, Airurando-jin wa karera ga gisei-sha datta sakushu ni hageshiku iranbou-nij han-nou-shi-mashita. They formed secret societies like the Molly Maguires, whose activities can only be described as a form of brigandage, and which resulted in numerous and summary hangings. ޓ [ Maguireŝ悤Ȕ閧̎Љ܂Å͂Ršׂ`ijƂĕ`ʂ鎖o܂BĂ͑Ƒ̍iYɏI܂B Karera wa Morii Maguires no you-na himitsu no shakai wo tsukuri-mashita, sono katsudou wa tada sanzoku koui no katachi ishoshikij to shite byousha-sareru koto dake ga deki-masu. Soshite sore wa tasuu-to sokketsu-no koushu-kei ni owari-mashita. [3] [3] [3] They had one big advantage over the other immigrant groups of their own and later periods, and that was that they spoke English, the language of the country; ޓ͎́AĂƒx̑̈ږ̏WcɑĂP‚̑傫ȋ݂Ă܂BĂ͔ޓ̍̌łpbƂłG Karera wa jibun no, soshite motto osoi jidai no hoka no imin no shuudan ni taishite hitotsu no ooki-na tsuyomi wo motte-i-mashita. Soshite sore wa karera ga sono kuni no gengo de-aru Eigo wo hanashita to iu koto deshita; even if they did so with a brogue. ޓȂ܂Ă̂悤ɂƂĂB Karera ga namari wo motte sono you-ni shita to shite-mo. It was not long before the Irish were in control of the local politics of many of our large cities, notably New York, Boston, and Philadelphia. ܂ȂAChl͎B̑ss̑AƂ킯j[[NA{XgtBftBA̒nRg[Ă܂B Mamonaku Airurando-jin wa watashitachi no dai-toshi no ooku, toriwake Nyuu-yooku, Bosuton ya Firaderufia no chihou seiji wo kontorooru shite-i-mashita. At this point, the role of the Irishman began to change. ̓_ŁAAChl̖͕ςn߂܂B Kono ten de, Airurando-jin no yakuwari wa kawari hajime-mashita. Where he had been a railroad worker or a miner, he now became a policeman, a fireman, a court attendant, a building inspector, a clerk or a contractor. S̓lzRJ҂ŁAނ͍xAhmiΕvjA@̕tYlǍAiXjƎ҂ɂȂ܂B Tetsudou no hataraku hito ka kouzan roudou-sha datta tokoro de, kare wa ima-ya keikan, shouboushi ikahuj, houtei no tsukisoi-nin, tatemono no kensa-kan, jimu-in iten-inj ya ukeoi gyousha ni nari-mashita. A large and growing city must create and maintain if it wishes to function properly. 傫Đss͂i̓ssjKɓƎvȂΑnAĈێȂȂ܂B Ookii soshite seichou-suru toshi wa sore isono toshij ga tekisetsu-ni hataraki wo shi-tai to omou naraba souzou-shi, soshite ijishi-nakereba nari-masen. It was this mass transfer from the role of manual laborers pure and simple to that of political workers that led to the emergence of the Irish from the very lowest. ܂ɍŒӂAChl̒Eoɓ̂͏ŊȒPȎ̘J҂̖sEJ҂̂ւ̂̑K͂Ȉړi芷jłB Masani sai-teihen kara Airurando-jin no dasshutsu ni michibiita no-wa junsuide kantan-na te no roudou-sha no yakuwari kara gyousei-shoku roudousha no sore e-no kono dai-kibo-na idou inorikaej deshita. Their place in the lower echelons was filled in the 80's and 90's by later comers to our shores, largely Italians and Slavs. Ⴂ̒iK̔ޓ̏ꏊiZj͎B݂̊ւ̒xėlBAƂăC^AlƃXulɂĂWONƂXONɂ߂܂B Hikui hou no dankai no karera no basho ijuukyoj wa watashitachi no kishi e no okurete kita hito-tachi, shu-to-shite Itaria-jin to Surabu jin tachi ni yotte 80 nen-dai to 90 nen-dai ni ume-rare-mashita. They have also long since risen from a lowly to a more exalted status, as is proper and fitting in a free society that has equality of opportunity to offer those who join it. ޓ͂܂ƈȑOɂ荂߂ꂽnʂɒႢnʂ痧オ܂BĂ͂ɉlBɋ@̕鎩RȎЉɁiŁjKȁiŗĹjĂ҂荇܂B Karera wa mata zutto izen ni yori takame-rareta chi-i ni hikui chi-i kara tachi-agari-mashita. Soshite sore wa sore ni kuwawaru hito-tachi ni kikai no byoudou wo teikyou-suru jiyuu-na shakai ni idej tekisetsu-na ikoyuu-noj sishite pittari ai-masu. [] [] [] There was once a king who had twelve wonderfully beautiful daughters. ނPQl̂炵鉤܂B Mukashi juu-ni nin no subarashiku utsukushii musume ga iru ou ga i-mashita. They slept together in one great room, in twelve beds all in a row, and every evening the king locked them in. ޏB͂P‚̑傫ȕňꏏɖ܂APQ̃xbh̒ɂ݂ȂPɂȂāAĖӉ͔ޏB𒆂ɕ‚߂܂B Kanojo-tachi wa hitotsu no ookina heya de issho-ni nemuri-mashita, juu-ni no beddo no naka ni minna ichi-retsu ni natte, soshite mai ban ou wa kanojo-tachi wo naka ni toji-kome-mashita. Lesson 5 5 Dai 5 ka [] [] [] People may decide to study foreign languages for various reasons. lтƂ͂낢ȗRׂ̈ɊO錈S邩܂B Hito-bito wa iroiro-na riyuu no tame ni gaikoku-go wo benkyou-suru kesshin wo suru kamo-shire-masen. They may do so for the immediate purpose of satisfying the requirement of some public examination or of getting greater fun and enjoyment out of a holiday abroad. ޓ̗͂̎viKvjA邢͊COň̋x傫ȊтƊy݂鑦̖ړÏׂɂ̂悤ɂ邩܂B Karera wa aru koukyou no shiken no youkyuu ihitsuyou joukenj wo manzoku-saseru, arui-wa kaigai de ichinichi no kyuujitsu kara yori ookina yorokobi to tanoshimi wo eru sokuza-no mokuteki no tame ni sono you-ni suru kamo-shire-masen. Men of business may have to deal directly or indirectly with foreign correspondence. ƉƒB͊OƂ̒ʐMڂ邢͊ԐړIɎ舵ȂȂȂ܂B Jitsugyouka-tachi wa gaikoku to-no tsuushin wo chokusetsu arui-wa kansetsu-teki-ni tori-atsukawa-nakereba nara-nai kamo-shire-masen. And scientists may realize the importance of being able to read the accounts of advance made in their subject as soon as they are published in foreign journals. ĉȊw҂͔ޓ̕Őꂽi̐O̎GŔ\₢Ȃ₻i̐jǂގo鎖̏dv͂藝邩܂B Soshite kagakusha wa karera no bunya de nasareta shinpo no setsumei ga gaikoku no zasshi de happyou-sareru ya inaya sorera isorera no setsumeij wo yomu koto ga dekiru koto no juuyou-sa wo hakkiri rikai-suru kamo-shire-masen. Otherwise he must wait for a translator, who may or may not be competent to present a precise rendering with one hundred per cent accuracy. łȂΔނ͖|҂҂ȂȂ܂BĂ̖|҂͂POOp[Zg̐mŐmȖ|邽߂ɗL\ł邩ȂAłȂ܂B Sou de nakereba kare wa hon-yaku-sha wo mata-nakereba nari-masen. Soshite sono hon-yaku-sha wa hyaku paasento no seikaku-sa de seikaku-na hon-yaku wo teiji-suru tame ni yuunou de-aru kamo-shire-nai-shi, sou-de-nai kamo-shire-masen. People may be keenly interested in the activities of a foreign nation for political reasons. lтƂ͐IRׂ̈ɊO̍̊ɉsiMSɁjĂ邩܂B Hito-bito wa seiji-teki riyuu no tame ni gaikoku no kokumin no katsudou ni surudoku inesshin-nij kyoumi wo motte-iru kamo-shire-masen. And they may need to acquire that close knowledge of current affairs which travelling abroad and the reading of foreign newspaper and journals alone can supply. Ĕޓ͊OsO̐VƎGɂ‚ēǂގoŋ߂̖̎̂ȖȒmKv邩܂B Soshite karera wa gaikoku-ryokou ya gaikoku no shinbun to zasshi ni-tsuite yomu koto dake ga kyoukyuu-dekiru saikin-no jijou no ano menmitsu-na chishiki wo eru hitsuyou ga aru kamo-shire-masen. Students of literature must surely be able to read the masters at first hand. w̐k͂ƂɌ{ǂގoȂȂ܂B Bungaku no seito wa kitto jika ni genpon wo yomu koto ga deko-nakereba nari-masen. Learning a new language implies approaching a new world, and it inevitably leads to a widening of intellectual experience. VwԂ̂͐VEɋ߂Â܂BĂ͕KRIɒmIȌoL鎖ɓ܂B Atarashii gengo wo manabu no wa atarashii sekai ni chikadsuku koto wo tomonai-masu. Soshite sore wa hitsuzen-teki-ni chi-teki-na keiken wo hirogeru koto ni michibiki-masu.
ソ連の第一ショック軍 Learning a new language well enough to be able to understand it when heard, to speak it, read it, and write it, is such a hard discipline that we certainly need some strong urge to drive us on. bAǂ݁AA𗝉鎖o邽߂ɏ\ɏɐVwԂ̂́AɍȌPȂ̂ŁAB͂ƎB藧đ鉽炩̋ՓKvłB Sore wo hanashi, sore wo yomi, sore wo kaki, kiita toki sore wo rikai-suru koto ga dekiru tame ni juubun-ni jouzu-ni atarashii gengo wo manabu no wa, hijou-ni konnan-na kunren na no-de, watashitachi wa kitto watashitachi wo karitate-tsudsukeru nanraka-no tsuyoi shoudou ga hitsuyou desu. The four distinct and separable activities just mentioned, listening, speaking, reading, and writing, call for constant preferably daily exercise. ɏqׂꂽ̂S‚̈قȂAĕł銈A悭AbAǏ鎖AƏA͐₦Ԃ̖AłΖ̗Ki^j߂܂B Ue ni nobe-rareta bakari no yottsu no kotonatta, soshite bunri-dekiru katsudou, yoku kiku koto, hanasu koto, dokusho-suru koto, to kaku koto, wa tae-ma no nai, dekireba mainichi no renshuu iundouj wo motome-masu. These activities are concerned in varying degrees with four aspects of language study - pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, and idiom. ̊͂܂܂ȓxŌ̂̕S‚̑ - A@Ab⊵p - ɊWĂ܂B Korera no katsudou wa samazama-na doai de gengo no benkyou no yottsu no sokumen - hatsuon, bunpou, goi ya kan-you goku - ni kankei-shite-i-masu. [] [] [] "But this time is so much safer. Here, you know there'll be a 1985." u͂ƂSłBł́AȂ͂PXWTN邾낤ƂmĂł傤Bv "Shikashi konkai wa zutto yori anzen desu. Koko de-wa, anata wa 1985 nen ga aru-darou to iu koto wo shitte-iru deshou." "In 1985, do you know there'll be a 2015? Think about that." uPXWTNɁAȂ͂QOPTN邾낤ƂmĂ܂H ɂ‚člȂBv "1985 nen ni, anata wa 2015 nen ga aru-darou to iu koto wo shitte-i-masu ka? Sore ni tsuite kangae-nasai." "I'll have to chance that danger," he said. u͂̊댯ɉ^CŗȂȂȂł傤vƔނ͌܂B "Watashi wa ano kiken ni un-makase-de tachi-mukawa-nakereba nara-nai deshou" to kare wa ii-mashita. Lesson 6 6 Dai 6 ka This is a mecha-kucha sentence. mecha|kucha̕ijłB Kore wa mecha-kucha no bun ihanketsuj desu. There was a moment of silence. فiÂj̈uL܂B Chinmoku ishizukesaj no isshun ga ari-mashita. [] [] [] 1. A Parrot PD 1. Oumu [] [] [] PIONEER ENGLISH 1 PIONEER ENGLISH P PIONEER ENGLISH 1 We get messages from one another in many ways. B͑̕@ł݂烁bZ[W܂B Watashitachi wa ooku-no houhou de otagai kara messeeji wo uketori-masu. We send them in different ways, too. B͈قȂ@łĩbZ[Wj𑗂鎖܂B Watashitachi wa kotonatta houhou de sorera isorera no messeejij wo okuru koto mo shi-masu. We call these ways to send and receive messages "communication". B̓bZ[W𑗂A邱̕@uR~jP[VvƌĂт܂B Watashitachi wa messeeji wo okuri, uke-toru korera no houhou wo "komyunikeeshon" to yobi-masu. [] [] [] Long ago, people could only write by drawing pictures. ̂ނAlтƂ͂GɂĂo܂B Mukashi-mukashi, hito-bito wa tada e wo kaku koto ni yotte dake kaku koto ga deki-mashita. They had no alphabet then. ޓ͂̍ɂ͑SRAt@xbg܂łB Karera wa sono koro ni-wa zenzen arufabetto ga ari-masen-deshita. So they drew pictures to tell stories. Ŕޓ͘b`邽߂ɊG܂B Sore-de karera wa hanashi wo tsutaeru tame ni e wo kaki-mashita. Sometimes they made pictures on the walls of caves or on rocks. ǂޓ͓A̕ǂ̏ɊG`܂B Toki-doki karera wa doukutsu no kabe ya iwa no ue ni e wo egaki-mashita. Some pictures were cut right into the stone. ڐɐ荞܂ꂽG܂B Chokusetsu ishi ni kiri-komareta e mo ari-mashita. Others were painted. ̊G͕`܂B Hoka no e wa egakare-mashita. We can still see this earliest picture writing in some parts of the world. B͂܂Ê‚̒nł̂G鎖o܂B Watashitachi wa mada sekai no ikutsu-ka no chi-iki de kono ichi-ban hayai e-moji wo miru koto ga deki-masu. [] [] [] Later men began to use signs and letters for writing. ɐlԂ͏ׂ̈ɋL╶gn߂܂B Nochi-ni ningen wa kaku koto no tame ni kigou ya moji wo tsukai hajime-mashita. Now we can write many words. ijB͑̒PiƂjo܂B Ima iima-yaj watashitachi wa ooku-no tango ikotobaj wo kaku koto ga deki-masu. Some people use the letters of the alphabet for spelling them. ‚Â鎖ׂ̈ɃAt@xbg̕gl܂B Sorera wo tsudsuru koto no tame ni arufabetto no moji wo tsukau hito mo iamsu. Others use characters of their own to write them. ̐lX͂߂ɔޓg̕g܂B Hoka no hito-bito wa sorera wo kaku tame ni karera jishin no moji wo tsukai-masu. [] [] [] We are still making new words. B͂܂VPiƂjĂ܂B Watashitachi wa mada atarashii tango ikotobaj wo tsukutte-i-masu. When people find or invent something new, they think up a new word for it. lтƂV̂t邩鎞Aޓׂ͂̈ɐVPiƂjlĂ܂B Hito-bito ga nani-ka atarashii mono wo mitsukeru ka hatsumei-suru toki, karera wa sore no tame ni atarashii tango ikotobaj wo kouan-shi-masu. The words "video" and "computer" are two of our newer words. urfIvƁuRs[^[vƂQ͎B̂VPiƂjłB "Bideo" to "konpyuutaa" to iu ni go wa watashitachi no yori atarashii tango ikotobaj desu. That is because video and computers are newer than many other things. ̓rfIƃRs[^[̂ق̎VłB Sore wa bideo to konpyuutaa ga ooku-no hoka no koto yori atarashii kara desu. [] [] [] American Indians used signals to send messages among themselves. AJCfBA͒ԓmŃbZ[W𑗂邽߂ɐMg܂B Amerika Indian wa nakama-doushi de messeeji wo okuru tame ni shingou wo tsukai-mashita. They used different kinds of signals. ޓ͂낢Ȏނ̐Mg܂B Karera wa iroiro-na shurui no shingou wo tsukai-mashita. Smoke was used to warn of danger. ͊댯ɂ‚Čx邽߂Ɏg܂B Kemuri wa kiken ni-tsuite keikoku-suru tame-ni tsukaware-mashita. Indians often sent each other messages by beating on drums. CfBA͂ΑۂɂăbZ[Wɑ荇܂B Indian wa shiba-shiba taiko wo tataku koto ni yotte messeeji wo otagai-ni okuri-ai-mashita. Then people used flags to give signals. ꂩlтƂ͐M^邽߂Ɋg܂B Sore kara hito-bito wa shingou wo ataeru tame ni hata wo tsukai-mashita. Flags are still used on ships as well as on land to send messages. ̓bZ[W𑗂邽߂ɗłłȂɑDł܂g܂B Hata wa messeeji wo okuru tame ni riku de dake de-naku sara-ni hune de mo mada tsukaware-masu. Many new ways to send messages have been invented. bZ[W𑗂邽߂̑̐V@܂B Messeeji wo okuru tame no ooku-no atarashii houhou ga hatsumei-sare-mashita. Books, newspapers, telegrams, telephones, television, video, computers are now used. {AVAdAdbAerArfIARs[^[ijg܂B Hon, shinbun, denpou, denwa, terebi, bideo, konpyuutaa ga ima iima-yaj tsukaware-masu. One of the most recent inventions is communications satellites. ŐV̔̂ЂƂ‚͒ʐMqłB Saishin-no hatsumei no hitotsu wa tsuushin eisei desu. [] [] [] With communications satellites, we can send signals long distances. ʐMqŁAB͒M𑗂鎖o܂B Tsuushin eisei de, watashitachi wa nagai kyori shingou wo okuru koto ga deki-masu. Communications satellites are put into orbits far above the earth by rockets. ʐMq̓PbgŒn̂͂邩̋Oɒu܂B Tsuushin eisei wa roketto de chikyuu no haruka-joukuu no kidou ni oka-re-masu. The satellites receive signals from one station on earth, and transmit them back to other stations in distant parts of the earth. ̉q͒n̂P‚̋ǂMāAn̗ꂽn̂ق̋ǂɂ𑗂Ԃ܂B Sono eisei wa chijou no hitotsu no kyoku kara shingou wo uke-totte, chikyuu no hanareta chi-iki no hoka no kyoku ni sorera wo okuri-kaeshi-masu. These signals travel as fast as light in straight lines. ̐M͂PɌƓ炢`܂B Korera no shingou wa icchokusen ni hikari to onaji kurai hayaku tsutawari-masu. We expect to find many future uses for communications satellites. B͒ʐMqׂ̈ɑ̖̗prt鎖҂܂B Watashitachi wa tsuushin eisei no tame ni ooku-no mirai no youto wo mitsukeru koto wo kitai-shi-masu. [] [] [] I got out of the car and a Japanese businessman who saw the accident suddenly ran up to me. ͎Ԃo܂BĎ̂{l̎ƉƂˑȐ삯܂B Watashi wa jidousha kara de-mashita. Soshite jiko wo mita Nihon-jin no jitsugyou-ka ga totsuzen watashi no tokoro e kake-yori-mashita. [] [] [] He entered Trinity College in Oxford University. ނ̓IbNXtH[hwTrinityJbWɓ܂B Kare wa Okkusufoodo Daigaku no Trinity Karejji ni hairi-mashita. [] [] [] Mother Teresa In Japan {̃}U[EeT Nihon no Mazaa teresa Mother Teresa is optimistic. }U[EeT͊yVIłB Mazaa teresa wa rakutenteki desu. She knows that there is much work to do. ޏׂ͂̎dƂmĂ܂B Kanojo wa suru beki ooku-no shigoto ga aru to iu koto wo shitte-i-masu. She also knows that more money and people are necessary to help the poor. ޏ͂葽̂ƐlтƂnlX邽߂ɕKvłƂmĂ܂B Kanojo wa yori ooku-no okane to hito-bito ga mazushii hito-bito wo tasukeru tame ni hitsuyou de-aru to iu koto mo shitte-i-masu. However, she does not worry about these things. Aޏ͂̎Sz܂B Shikashi, kanojo wa korera no koto wo shinpai-shi-masen. She believes the money will come from people who want to help. ޏ͎͂̂`ƎvĂlтƂ痈邾낤ƐMĂ܂B Kanojo wa sono okane wa tetsudai-tai to omotte-iru hito-bito kara kuru darou to shinjite-i-masu. One day a rich man came to her to give her some land. ޏɂ炩yn^邽߂ɔޏ̏ɗ܂B Aru-hi kanemochi ga kanojo ni ikura-ka tochi wo ataeru tame ni kanojo no tokoro ni ki-mashita. The rich man asked her, "Where does your money to help the poor come from?" ͔ޏɁunlX邽߂̂Ȃ̂͂ǂ痈܂HvƂ˂܂B Kanemochi wa kanojo ni "Mazushii hito-bito wo tasukeru tame no anata no okane wa doko kara ki-masu ka?" to tazune-mashita. Mother Teresa asked him, "What brought you to me with the gift of the land?" }U[EeT͔ނɁu̓yn̑蕨ƈꏏɂȂ̏ɗ܂HvƂ˂܂B Mazaa teresa wa kare ni "Nani ga sono tochi no okuri-mono to issho-ni anata wo watashi no tokoro ni ko-sase-mashita ka?" to tazune-mashita. He answered, "I had the feeling of wanting to help." ނ́Au͎`ƂCĂ܂vƓ܂B Kare wa, "Watashi wa tetsudai tai to-iu kimochi wo motte-i-mashita" to kotae-mashita. Mother Teresa told him, "There are many people just like you who want to help. The wish to help is a natural one." }U[EeT͔ނɋ܂BuxȂ̂悤Ɏ`ƎvĂ鑽̐lтƂ܂B`Ƃ肢͎R̂̂łBv Mazaa teresa wa kare ni oshie-mashita. "Choudo anata no you-ni tetsudai-tai to omotte-iru ooku-no hito-bito ga i-masu. Tetsudai tai to iu negai wa shizen-no mono desu." Mother Teresa never goes around asking for money. }U[EeT͌Ă߂ĉ܂B Mazaa teresa wa keshite okane wo motomete mawari-masen. People give money, food, and even land to her. lтƂ͔ޏɂAHוAēyn^܂B Hito-bito wa kanojo ni okane, tabe-mono, soshite tochi sae-mo atae-masu. However, Mother Teresa says, "We should give not only from our surplus but also from giving up something." A}U[EeT́AuB͗]肩炾łȂA܂߂鎖^ׂłvƌ܂B Shikashi, Mazaa teresa wa, "Watashitachi wa amari kara dake de naku, mata nani-ka wo akirameru koto kara ataeru beki-desu" to ii-masu. Many rich businessmen have given her money from their companies. ̖LȎƉƂޓ̉Ђޏɂ^܂B Ooku-no yutaka-na jitsugyou-ka ga karera no kaisha kara kanojo ni okane wo atae-mashita. But she does not want this kind of money. ޏ͂̎̂~ƎvĂ܂B Shikashi kanojo wa kono shu no okane ga hoshii to omotte-i-masen. She wants the businessmen themselves. ޏ͎ƉƂg~ƎvĂ܂B Kanojo wa jitsugyou-ka tachi-jishin ga hoshii to omotte-i-masu. She wants them to go into the slums, the hospitals, the homes for the aged and to work for a few hours every week. ޏ͔ޓXXAa@ANƂĂlׂ̈̉Ƃ̒֓čsAĖTQARԓė~ƎvĂ܂B Kanojo wa karera ga suramu-gai, byouin, toshi wo totte-iru hito no tame no ie no naka e haitte-yuki, soshite mai shuu ni, san jikan kan hataraite hoshii to omotte-i-masu. Mother Teresa says, "This labor is a real gift to the poor." }U[EeT͌܂Bu̘J͕nlXւ̖{̑蕨łBv Mazaa teresa wa ii-masu. "Kono roudou wa mazushii hito-bito e no hontou no okuri-mono desu." [] [] [] I thought to myself that if I could only see far enough, the plains would stretch all the way to the ocean and on the other side would be Madrid, Spain. ͏\Ȃ鎖oȂA͑m܂łƐLтĂ邾낤AĔΑɃXyC̃}h[h邾낤Ɩɍl܂B Watashi wa juubun-na dake tooku wo miru koto ga deki-sae-shita naraba, heigen wa taiyou made zutto nobite-iru darou, soshite hantai-gawa ni Supein no Madoriido ga aru darou to hisoka-ni kangae-mashita. But that was one of only two clear memories of the house in west Texas. ͐eLTX̉Ƃ̂Q‚̂͂肵L̂ЂƂ‚łB Shikashi sore wa nishi Tekisasu no ie no tatta hutatsu no hakkiri-shita kioku no hitotsu deshita. How I even knew there was such a place when I was that age, I don't know either. ͂̔NłǂĂȏꏊL鎖mĂ̂ł傤Aɂ܂B Watashi wa ano nenrei de dou-shite son-na basho ga aru koto sae-mo shitte-ita node-shou ka, watashi ni-mo wakari-masen. My other memory was of the sunflowers. ̂̋L͂Ђ܂̂łB Watashi no mou ippou-no kioku wa himawari no deshita. [1] [1] [1] The name Alaska means "great land," and the 49th state is indeed a great land. AXJƂÓu傫ȓynvӖ܂BĂSXԖڂ̏B͂قƂɑ傫ȓynłB Arasuka to iu namae wa "ookina tochi" wo imi-shi-masu. Soshite 49 ban-me no shuu wa hontou-ni ookina tochi desu. Alaska is one-fifth the size of all the other states in the United States put together. AXJ̓AJÔׂĂ̂ق̏B̍ṽTCŶT̂PłB Arasuka wa Amerika Gasshuu-koku no subete no hoka no shuu no goukei no saizu no go bun-no ichi desu. Its coastline is 33000 miles long -- longer than that of all the lower 48 states. ̊Cݐ̒͂RROOO}Cł -- ׂĂ̓̂SW̏B̂蒷łB Sore no kaigan-sen wa naga-sa wa 33000 mairu desu -- subete no minami no 48 no shuu no sore yori nagai desu. [2] [2] [2] The most important characteristic of an organism is that capacity for internal self-renewal known as health. L@IgD̂̂dvȓ͌NƂĒmĂ̎ȍĐׂ̈̂̔\͂łB Yuuki-teki soshiki-tai no ichi-ban juuyou-na tokuchou wa kenkou to shite shirarete-iru naibu no jiko-saisei no tame no ano nouryoku desu. There are two organisms whose processes of self-renewal have been subjected to human interference and control. lԂ̊‚ƊǗiRg[jɎxzĂȍĐ̉ߒ‚Q‚̗L@IgD̂܂B Ningen no kanshou to kanri ikontorooruj ni shihai-sarete-kita jiko-saisei no katei wo motsu hutatsu no yuuki-teki soshiki-tai ga ari-masu. One of them is man himself (medicine and public health). ̂P‚͐lgiwƌOqjłB Sorera no hitotsu wa hito-jishin iigaku to koushuu eiseij desu. The other is land (agriculture and conservation). ͓yni_ƂƕۑjłB Mou ippou wa tochi inougyou to hozonj desu. The effort to control the health of land has not been very successful. yňN𐧌䂷邽߂̓w͂͂قǐĂ܂B Tochi no kenkou wo seigyo-suru tame no doryoku wa sorehodo seikou-shite-i-masen. It is now generally understood that when soil loses fertility, or washes away faster than it forms, and when water systems exhibit abnormal floods and shortages, the land is sick. ӂ‚Ă鏊ł͓y엀A邢͂ꂪ`Â葬鎞AĐnُȍ^ƌRA̓yn͕aCłB Ima-ya hutsuu rikai-sarete-iru tokoro de-wa tsuchi ga hiyoku-sa wo ushinau, arui-wa sore ga katachi-dsukuru yori hayaku oshi-nagasa-reru toki, soshite suikei ga ijou-na kouzui to ketsubou wo shimesu toki, sono tochi wa byouki desu. Other disorders are known as fact, but are not yet thought of as symptoms of land sickness. ق̍͌ƂĒmĂ܂A܂yn̕aC̒ƂčlĂ܂B Hoka no konran wa genjitsu to shite shirarete-i-masu ga, mada tochi no byouki no choukou to shite kangae-rarete-i-masen. Two examples are ; Q‚̗łG Hutatsu no rei desu; the disappearance of plants and animal species without visible cause, despite efforts to protect them, and the sudden appearance of others as pests despite efforts to control them. 邽߂̓w͂ɂ炸AڂɌ錴ɐAƓ̎̏AĂ𐧌䂷邽߂̓w͂ɂ炸Q̂悤ȑ̂̂̓ˑȐoB Sorera wo mamoru tame no doryoku ni-mo kakawarazu, me ni mieru gen-in nashi ni shokubutsu to doubutsu no shu no shoushitsu, soshite sorera wo seigyo-suru tame no doryoku ni-mo kakawarazu gaichuu no you-na hoka no mono no totsuzen-no shutsugen. [3] [3] [3] Rice farming has been developed to a high degree in Japan. Ă̔_ƌoc͓{ōxɔW܂B Kome no nougyou keiei wa Nihon de koudo ni hatten-saserare-mashita. [4] [4] [4] (Because if you bite an apple and see only half a worm inside it, you know that you must have already eaten the other half!) îȂ炠ȂSāA̒ɒ̔ȂAȂ͊ɂ̔HׂɈႢƂmł傤Ij iNaze nara anata ga ringo wo kajitte, sono naka ni mushi no hanbun dake wo miru naraba, anata wa sude-ni mou ippou no hanbun wo tabeta ni chigai-nai to iu koto wo shiru deshou!j [5] [5] [5] (Why didn't my mother put me in a small basket? Perhaps she didn't have one.) i͂̕ȂȃoXPbgɓȂ̂ł傤H 炭ޏ͂ĂȂ̂ł傤Bj iWatashi no haha wa naze watashi wo chiisa-na basuketto ni ire-nakatta-no deshou ka? Osoraku kanojo wa sore wo motte-i-nakatta-no deshou.j Lesson 7 7 Dai 7 ka [1] [1] [1] He often took a day off to fish in some mountain stream. ނ͂R̗Œނ邽߂ɂP̋xɂ܂B Kare wa shiba-shiba aru yama no nagare de tsuri wo suru tame ni ichi nichi no kyuuka wo tori-mashita. [] [] [] You may even see the fine dust that covers the wings and gives them their colors. Ȃ͗āAi̗jɐF^ׂ邩܂B Anata wa tsubasa wo ootte, sorera isorera no tsubasaj ni iro wo ataeru komakai kona wo sae-mo miru kamo-shire-masen. And you see its round, shining dark eyes. ĂȂ͂̊ۂAPĂ鍕ۂڂ܂B Soshite anata wa sore no marui, kagayaite-iru kroppoi me wo mi-masu. Through those eyes, how do you look to the butterfly? ̖ڂʂāAȂ͒ɂƂĂǂ̂悤Ɍł傤H Sorera no me wo tooshite, anata wa chou ni totte dono-you-ni mieru deshou ka? [] [] [] One day when Winnie-the-Pooh was out walking, he came to an open place in the middle of the forest, and in the middle of this place was a large oak-tree. F̃v[OŕĂAނ͐X̒ɊJĂꏊɗ܂BĂ̒ɑ傫Ȋ~̖܂B Aru-hi Kuma no Puu-san ga soto-de aruite-ita toki, kare wa mori no chuuou ni hiraite-iru basho ni ki-mashita. Soshite koko no chuuou ni ooki-na kashi-no-ki ga ari-mashita. And from the top of the tree, there came a loud buzzing-noise. Ė̂ĂA傫uuė܂B Soshite ki no teppen kara, ookii bun-bun iu oto ga kikoete-ki-mashita. Winnie-the-Pooh put his head between his paws and began to think. F̃v[͔ނ̑̊Ԃɔނ̓uāAln߂܂B Kuma no Puu-san wa kare no ashi no aida ni kare no atama wo oite, kangae hajime-mashita.
最高裁判所にどのように多くの裁判官に座る First of all he said to himself; ܂ɔނ͐SɎv܂G Mazu dai-ichi-ni kare wa kokoro ni omoi-mashita; "If there's a buzzing-noise, somebody's making a buzzing-noise, and the only reason for making a buzzing-noise that I know of is because you're a bee." uuuȂANuuĂ܂BĎmĂuu邽‚̗R͂ȂIłBv "Bun-bun iu oto ga suru naraba, dare ka ga bun-bun iu oto wo sasete-i-masu. Soshite watashi ga shitte-iru bun-bun iu oto wo saseru tada hitotsu no riyuu wa anata ga mitsu-bachi da-kara desu." Then he thought another long time, and said; "And the only reason for being a bee that I know of is making honey." ꂩނ͂xԍl܂BČ܂GuĎmĂ閨Iłׂ̂‚̗R͖I鎖łBv Sore kara kare wa mou-ichido nagai aida kangae-mashita. Soshite ii-mashita; "Soshite watashi ga shitte-iru mitsu-bachi de-aru tame no tada hitotsu no riyuu wa hachi-mitsu wo tsukuru koto desu." And then he got up, and said; "And the only reason for making honey is so as I can eat it." ꂩނ͋NāA܂GuĖI邽‚̗R͎Hׂ鎖o邽߂łBv Sore kara kare wa okite, ii-mashita; "Soshite hachi-mitsu wo tsukuru tada hitotsu no riyuu wa watashi ga sore wo taberu koto ga dekiru tame-desu." So he began to climb the tree. Ŕނ͖ɓon߂܂B Sore-de kare wa ki ni nobori hajime-mashita. He climbed and he climbed and he climbed, and as he climbed he sang a little song to himself. ނ͓oāAoāAo܂BĔނ͓oȂlŊȒPȉ̂̂܂B Kare wa nobotte, nobotte, nobori-mashita. Soshite kare wa nobori nagara hitori-de kantan-na uta wo utai-mashita. It went like this: ͂̂悤ɍs܂F Sore wa kono you-ni iki-mashita: Isn't it funny how a bear likes honey? FIDłȂĂȂłH Kuma ga hachi-mitsu ga suki-de-aru nan-te okashiku-nai desu ka? Buzz! uuI Bun-bun! Buzz! uuI Bun-bun! Buzz! uuI Bun-bun! I wonder why he does? ͂ȂނDȂ̂Ǝv܂H Watashi wa naze kare ga suki-na-no kashira to omoi-masu? Then he climbed a little further, ..., and then just a little further. ꂩނ͏ɓo܂A...Aꂩق̏XɁB Sore kara kare wa sukoshi sara-ni nobori-mashita, ..., sore kara honno shoushou sara-ni. [] [] [] Lesson 8 8 Dai 8 ka Before Anne Sullivan came to our house, one or two people had told my mother that I was an idiot. A ToB̉ƂɗOɁAPAQ̐lтƂ͔słƂ̕ɋ܂B An Sariban ga watashitachi no ie ni kuru mae ni, ichi, ni no hito-bito ga watashi wa hakuchi de-aru to iu koto wo watashi no haha ni oshie-mashita. I can understand why. ͗R𗝉鎖o܂B Watashi wa riyuu wo rikai-suru koto ga deki-masu. Here was a seven-year-old girl who at the age of 19 months had become deaf and blind. ɂPX̎ɎAĖӖڂɂȂV̏܂B Koko ni 19 ka getsu no toki ni mimi ga kikoe-zu, soshite moumoku ni natta nana-sai no shoujo ga i-mashita. And because I was deaf, I could not learn to speak. Ď͎Ȃ̂ŁAb̂wԎo܂łB Soshite watashi wa mimi ga kikoe-nakatta no-de, hanasu no wo manabu koto ga deki-masen deshita. The few baby words I had known were locked in my mind. mĂق̗̏c͎̐S̒ɕ‚߂܂B Watashi ga shitte-ita hon-no sukoshi no youji-go wa watashi no kokoro no naka ni toji-kome-rare-mashita. Struggling in a world of silence and darkness, I acted almost like an animal. قƈÈł̐EŕāA͂قƂǓ̂悤ɍs܂B Chinmoku to kurayami no sekai de huntou-shite, watashi wa hotondo doubutsu no you-ni koudou-shi-mashita. But this was before Annie Sullivan came to stay. Aj[ To؍݂邽߂ɗOłB Shikashi kore wa Anii Sariban ga taizai-suru tame-ni kuru mae deshita. She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination. ޏ͐hđzɕxႢwlłB Kanojo wa shinbou-dsuyoku soshite souzou ni tonda iki-iki-shita wakai hujin deshita. [] [] [] Better off without him. ޖ̂قD炵łB Kare nashi no hou ga yoi kurashi-muki de-aru. Dear Ann Landers; eȂ A _[YG Shin-ai-naru An Randaazu; Please tell me to divorce him before I lose my mind. COɔނ𗣍悤ɂƎɌĂB Watashi ga shouki wo ushinau mae ni kare wo rikon-suru you-ni to watashi ni itte kudasai. My first marriage was a disaster. ̍ŏ̌ЊQłB Watashi no saisho no kekkon ga saigai deshita. I was only 15 years old and didn't know what I was getting into. ͂킸PT˂ŁAɓčsƂĂm܂łB Watashi wa wazuka 15 sai de, watashi ga nani ni haitte ikou-to shite-ita ka shiri-masen deshita. I somehow managed to finish nurse's training and support myself. ͂ȂƂĊŌw̃g[jOIAĂǂɂ݂܂B Watashi wa nantoka-shite kango-hu no toreeningu wo oe, soshite dounika watashi mizukara wo sasae-mashita. After being divorced only six months I married David, a smooth talking, handsome alcoholic. UJԗĂƂŎ͌̂܂AnTȑ݂łfCrbhƌ܂B Tatta roku ka getsu kan rikon-shite-ita ato de watashi wa kuchi no umai, hansamu-na oozake-nomi de-aru Deibiddo to kekkon-shi-mashita. (I didn't know it then but I should have recognized the signs.) i͂̍ɂ͂m܂łB͂̌‚ׂłBj iWatashi wa sono koro ni-wa sore wo shiri-masen deshita. Shikashi watashi wa kizashi no mi-wake ga tsuku beki-deshita.j That was six years ago and my life has been hell ever since. ͂UNOŁA̐l͂ȗƒnłB Sore wa roku nen mae de, watashi no jinsei wa sore irai zutto djigoku deshita. I am 31 years old and look at least 40 years old. ͂RP˂ŁAȂƂSO˂Ɍ܂B Watashi wa 31 sai de, sukumaku-tomo 40 sai ni mie-masu. I scream at my children and can't be civil to friends. ͎qɌċ萺ŋŁAFlɑėV鎖o܂B Watashi wa kodomo-tachi ni mukatte kanakiri-goe de sakende, yuujin ni-taishite reigi-tadashiku-suru koto ga deki-masen. David has had four car accidents, two of them totals. fCrbh͂S̎Ԃ̎̂N܂Ai̎́ĵQ‚͑SʓIȂ̂łB Deibiddo wa yon ken no jidousha no jiko wo okoshi-mashita, sorera isorera no jikoj no hutatsu wa zenmen-teki-na mono deshita. Our car insurance has been cancelled. B̎Ԃ̕ی͎܂B Watashitachi no jidousha no hoken wa tori-kesare-mashita. We've been separated 14 times. B͂PSxijʋ܂B Watashitachi wa 14 do ikaij bekkyo-shi-mashita. I've caught him with terrible women, tramps he picked up in bars. ͂ЂǂwlBAނŏEグӂȏAƈꏏɔނ߂܂B Watashi wa hidoi hujin-tachi, kare ga sakaba de hiroi-ageta hushidara-na onna, to issho-ni kare wo torae-mashita. I'm on needles and pins whenever he is around my family, afraid he'll insult somebody and start a fight. ͔ނ̉Ƒ̎͂ɂ鎞͂‚łƂĂsłBނNJAĐ킢n߂Ȃ낤ƐSzłB Watashi wa kare ga watashi no kazoku no shuui ni iru toki wa itsu de-mo totemo hu-an-desu. Kare ga dare ka wo bujoku-shi, soshite tatakai wo hajime-nai darou ka to shinpai-desu. David is on a bender now but he'll call in a few days and ask me to take him back. fCrbh͍ŗzCłBނ͂QARɓdbāAɔނA߂悤ɗނł傤B Deibiddo wa ima sake wo nonde youki-desu. Shikashi kare wa ni, san nichi ato-ni denwa-shite, watashi ni kare wo tsure-modosu you-ni tanomu deshou. Of course, I will. A͔ނA߂ł傤B Mochiron, watashi wa kare wo tsure-modosu deshou. For some strange reason I still love him. ȗRijׂ̈Ɏ͂܂ނĂ܂B Kimyou-na riyuu iriseij no tame ni watashi wa mada kare wo aishite-i-masu. I must be as sick as he is. ͔ނł̂Ɠ炢aCłɈႢL܂B Watashi wa kare ga soude-aru no-to onaji kurai byouki de-aru ni chigai-ari-masen. Ann, please say something to convince me that I'm better off without him. AA͔ޖ̂قD炵łƂɊmM邽߂ɉĂB An, watashi wa kare nashi no hou ga yoi kurashi-muki de-aru to iu koto wo watashi ni kakushin-saseru tame ni nani-ka wo itte kudasai. Older than my years. ̔NÂB Watashi no nen yori hurui. Dear friend; eȂFlG Shin-ai-naru yuujin; In the first sentence of your letter, you asked me to tell you to divorce him. Ȃ̎莆̍ŏ̒̕ɁAȂ͎ɔނ𗣍悤ɂƂȂɌ悤ɗ݂܂B Anata no tegami no saisho no bun no naka ni, anata wa watashi ni kare wo rikon-suru you-ni to anata ni iu you-ni tanomi-mashita. But you don't really want to divorce him, or you'd have done it. Ȃ͖{͔ނ𗣍ƎvĂ܂AłȂł傤B Shikashi anata wa hontou-wa kare wo rikon-shi-tai to omotte-i-masen, sou de-nakereba sore wo shita deshou. The crux of your problem is expressed in the fourth sentence of your last paragraph. Ȃ̖̓͂Ȃ̍Ō̒îSԖڂ̕Ɂi, ̒Ɂj\Ă܂B Anata no mondai no nanmon wa anata no saigo no danraku no yon ban-me no bun ni ide, no naka nij hyougen-sarete-i-masu. If you're well enough to give up the punishment, you'll split for good. Ȃ͔߂قǏ\ɌNłȂAȂB͉ivɕł傤B Anata wa batsu wo akirameru hodo juubun-ni kenkou de-aru naraba, anatatachi wa eikyuu-ni wakareru deshou. [] [] [] Plants that need to be kept warm and protected from winds or frost are usually grown in a greenhouse. gۂāAKvA͂Ăō͔|܂B Atatakaku tamoarete, kaze ya shimo kara mamorareru hitsuyou ga aru shokubutsu wa taitei onshitsu de saibai-sare-masu. [] [] [] When he was a young man, he saw Ben Pollak, a famous band leader, and got a job with his new band. ނ͎ႩALȃoh[_[ x |bNɉāAނ̐VohƈꏏɎd܂B Kare wa waka-katta koro, yuumei-na bando riidaa no Ben Porakku ni atte, kare no atarashii bando to issho-ni shigoto wo e-mashita. [] [] [] There they would meet four swimmers who were in Perth for a national swim meet. ł͔ޓ͍̐jׂ̈Ƀp[XɂSl̃XC}[ɉƂĂ܂B Soko de-wa karera wa kuni no suiei taikai no tame ni Paasu ni ita yo-nin no suimaa ni aou to shite-i-mashita. [] [] [] They're just not as good at warding off cancer as fruits and vegetables themselves. ͂Pɉʕ؎̂Ɠ炢ĥł͂ȂłB Sorera wa tada tan-ni kudamono ya yasai jitai to onaji kurai gan wo husegu no ga jouzu de-wa nai dake desu. [] [] [] "I've been chosen from the class to be on the relay team." u̓NXŃ[`[̈ɑI܂Bv "Watashi wa kurasu de riree-chiimu no ichi-in ni erabare-mashita." Lesson 9 9 Dai 9 ka There are some of the questions that Japanese tourists often ask before leaving for the States. {l̊όqΕčɏoOɂ˂邢‚̎₪܂B Nihon-jin no kankou-kyaku ga shiba-shiba Beikoku ni shuppatsu-suru mae ni tazuneru ikutsu-ka no shitsumon ga ari-masu. [] [] [] Suddenly, one of his little grandsons said: ˑRAނ̏ȑq̂Pl܂F Totsuzen, kare no chiisa-na mago-musuko no hitori ga ii-mashita: [] [] [] He was too drunk to sit up straight. ނ͂܂ɎɐĂĂƍ鎖o܂łB Kare wa amari-ni sake ni yotte-ite kichin-to suwaru koto ga deki-masen deshita. [] [] [] "This will be a difficult Moomin. He is too clever." u͓MoominɂȂł傤Bނ͌߂܂Bv "Kore wa mudsukashii Moomin ni naru deshou. Kare wa kashiko-sugi-masu." [] [] [] I think she was half right; ́AޏƎv܂G Watashi wa, kanojo ga hanbun tadashikatta to omoi-masu; [] [] [] Most hummingbirds are about three or four inches long. Ẵn`h̒͂悻RASC`łB Taitei-no hachi-dori no nagasa wa oyoso san, yon inchi desu. [] [] [] It was the year 1872 in London, England. CMXiCOhj̃h͂PWVQNłB Igirisu iIngurandoj no Rondon wa 1872 nen deshita. He decided to buy a particularly valuable string of pearls and asked if he could pay by check. ނ͓ɋMdȈA̐^SāA؎Ŏxo邩ǂ˂܂B Kare wa toku-ni kichou-na ichi-ren no shinju wo kau kesshin wo shite, kogitte de shiharau koto ga dekiru ka douka wo tazune-mashita. [] [] [] Before they took him into the operating room, his wife wished him luck and said, "See you in a short while, Jack." ޓilтƁjނp̒֘AčsOɁAނ̍Ȃ͔ނɍK^FāA܂Buɂ܂܂傤AWbNBv Karera ihito-bitoj ga kare wo shujutsu-shitsu no naka e tsurete-iku mae ni, kare no tsuma wa kare ni kou-un wo inotte, ii-mashita. "Sugu-ni mata o-ai-shimashou, Jakku." [] [] [] We do things quickly without thinking. B͍l鎖ɋ}Ŏ܂B Watashitachi wa kangaeru koto nashi ni isoide koto wo shi-masu. We act because we're angry, and instead of doing good, we hurt people. B͓{Ă̂ōs܂BđPɁAB͐lтƂ‚܂B Watashitachi wa okotte-iru no-de koudou-shi-masu. Soshite zen wo suru kawari ni, watashitachi wa hito-bito wo kidsu-tsuke-masu. [] [] [] Are there any other Japanese words that you Americans know? ȂBAJlmĂ鉽̓{̒Pꂪ܂H Anatatachi Amerika-jin ga shitte-iru nani ka hoka no Nihon-go no tango ga ari-masu ka? [] [] [] That night, as the world slept, they had taken the painting off the wall, had wrapped it in brown paper. ̖AEɁAޓ͕ǂG͂āA𒃐F̎Ɂi̒Ɂj݂܂B Sono yoru, sekai ga nemutta toki ni, karera wa kabe kara abura-e wo hazushite, sore wo chairo no kami ni ino naka nij tsutsumi-mashita. [] [] [] On the contrary, his father seems to have been quite comfortably off, and sent him to the University. ǂ납Aނ͂̕ւ炵LłāAނwɑ悤Ɍ܂B Sore-dokoroka, kare no chichi wa taihen kurashi-muki ga yutaka-de-atte, kare wo Daigaku ni okutta you-ni mie-masu. [] [] [] I brought plenty of money with me and I wanted a good holiday. ͂̂ėāADx~ƎvĂ܂B Watashi wa takusan no okane wo motte-kite, yoi kyuujitsu ga hoshii to omotte i-mashita. If you want to enter a university in the United States, you must study English. Ȃ̓AJȎwɓ肽ƎvĂȂApȂȂ܂B Anata wa Amerika Gasshuu-koku no daigaku ni hairi-tai to omotte-iru naraba, Eigo wo benkyou-shi-nakereba nari-masen. The number of all these people reaches 1.75 billion. 炷ׂĂ̐lтƂ̐͂PVTOOOɒB܂B Korera subete no hito-bito no kazu wa 17 oku 5000 man ni tasshi-masu. [] [] [] Until this year it has always been held in autumn, but this year it will be held in spring. N܂ł͂‚Hɂ您܂BN͏tɂ您ł傤B Kotoshi made sore wa itsumo aki ni moyoo-sare-mashita. Shikashi kotoshi sore wa haru ni moyoo-sareru deshou. It will be held at the beginning of May. ͂T̏߂ɂ您ł傤B Sore wa go-gatsu no hajime ni moyoo-sareru deshou. As soon as his mother moved away to look after her other children, Drippy slid off his blade of grass. ނ̕ꂪޏ̂ق̎q̐b邽߂ɋ₢ȂADrippy͔ނ̗̑t炻Ɨ܂B Kare no haha ga kanojo no hoka no kodomo-tachi no sewa wo suru tame ni saru ya inaya, Drippy wa kare no kusa no ha kara sotto hanare-mashita. He is trying to understand how the universe was formed and how it works. ނ͂ǂ̂悤ɉFꂽAĂǂ̂悤ɂiFj𗝉悤Ɠw͂Ă܂B Kare wa dono you-ni uchuu ga tsukurareta ka, soshite dono you-ni sore iuchuuj ga hataraku ka wo rikai-shi-you to doryoku-shite-i-masu. [] [] [] That is two-fifths of the world's population. ͐E̐l̂T̂QłB Sore wa sekai no jinkou no go bun-no ni desu. But we say that there are British English and American English. B̓CMXpƃAJpꂪƌ܂B Shikashi watashitachi wa Igirisu eigo to Amerika eigo ga aru to ii-masu. This experience influenced me greatly and made me aware of cultural differences at an early age. ̌o͗cɎɉeyڂāAɕICt܂B Kono keiken wa osanai koro hijouni watashi ni eikyou wo oyoboshite, watashi ni bunka-teki chigai wo kidsukase-mashita. Lesson 10 10 Dai 10 ka [1] [1] [1] Unicorn 1 jR[ P Yunikoon 1 Home of Uncle Sam T^Iȕčl̉ Tenkei-teki-na Beikoku-jin no ie You can see a tall man on this page. Ȃ͂̃y[W̏ɔwjij̐lj鎖o܂B Anata wa kono peeji no ue ni se ga takai otoko iotoko no hitoj wo miru koto ga deki-masu. Do you know about him? Ȃ͔ނɊւĒmĂ܂H Anata wa kare ni kanshite shitte-i-masu ka? He is the symbol of the United States. ނ̓AJÕV{łB Kare wa Amerika Gasshuu-koku no shinboru desu. Why? ȂH Naze? He settled in our city, Troy, in 1789. ނ͂PVWXNɎB̊XAgCAɒZ܂B Kare wa 1789 nen ni watashitachi no machi, Toroi, ni teijuu-shi-mashita. People liked him very much, because he was a good and honest man. lтƂ͔ނւCɓ܂B̂ȂAނ͑PǂŐȒjij̐lĵŁB Hito-bito wa kare ga taihen ki-ni-iri-mashita. Naze nara, kare wa zen-ryou-de shoujiki-na otoko iotoko no hitoj datta no-de. He got a pet name -- Uncle Sam. ނUncle SamƂ̂܂B Kare wa Uncle Sam to iu ai-shou wo e-mashita. His initials are U.S. ނ̃CjV U.S.łB Kare no inisharu wa U.S. desu. And the initials U.S. also mean the United States. U.S.ƂCjV̓AJOӖ܂B Soshite U.S. to iu inisharu wa Amerika Gasshuu-koku mo imi-shi-masu. His figures in striped trousers and top hat is now very popular. Ȃ̂邸ڂƃVNnbg̔ނ̎p͍ƂĂ|s[łB Shima no aru zubon to shiruku-hatto no kare no sugata wa ima totemo popyuraa desu. You can see it here and there in Troy. Ȃ͂gCłɌ鎖o܂B Anata wa sore wo Toroi de achi-kochi-ni miru koto ga deki-masu. He died in Troy on July 31, 1854. ނ͂PWTSNVRPɃgCŎɂ܂B Kare wa 1854 nen shichi-gatsu 31 nichi ni Toroi de shini-mashita. Now our national flag flies over his tomb. B͔̍ނ̏̕ɂЂ邪܂B Ima watashitachi no kokki wa kare no haka no ue ni hirugaeri-masu. His tall statue stands in a quiet park near Hudson River. ނ̔w̓nh\̋߂̐ÂȌɗĂ܂B Kare no se ga takai zou wa Hadoson-gawa no chikaku no shizuka-na kouen ni tatte-i-masu. I am proud of our city, because it is the "Home of Uncle Sam." ͊XłB̂ȂAi̊Xj͂́uT^Iȕčl̉ƁvȂ̂ŁB Watashi wa machi ga jiman desu. Naze nara, sore isono machij wa sono "Tenkei-teki-na Beikoku-jin no ie" na no-de. [2] [2] [2] Troy lies on the eastern bank of the Hudson. gC̓nh\쓌݂̏ɉ܂B Toroi wa Hadoson-gawa tougan no ue ni yokotawari-masu. The river is very beautiful around here. ͂̂łƂĂłB Kawa wa kono atari de totemo utsukushii desu. You can see the Catskill Mountains to the southwest. Ȃ͓쐼CatskillR鎖o܂B Anata wa nansei ni Catskill Sanmyaku wo miru koto ga deki-masu. Troy is an old city. gC͌ÂssiXjłB Toroi wa hurui toshi imachij desu. Its history started more than three hundred years ago. ̗j͂ROONȏOɎn܂܂B Sore no rekishi wa san-byaku nen ijou mae ni hajimari-mashita. The name came from a famous city in Greek myths. O̓MV_bŗLȓss痈܂B Namae wa Girisha shinwa de yuumei-na toshi kara ki-mashita. The population of Troy is very large. gC̐l͂ƂĂ傫łB Toroi no jinkou wa totemo ookii desu. It is now about 75,000. ͍悻VTCOOOłB Sore wa ima oyoso 75, 000 desu. Troy is an important center of the high tech industries in the United States. gC̓AJÕnCeNYƂ̏dvȒSiZ^[jłB Toroi wa Amerika Gasshuu-koku no haiteku sangyou no juuyou-na chuushin isentaaj desu. I love Troy very much. ̓gCƂĂDłB Watashi wa Toroi ga totemo suki-desu. It is a quiet city with good schools and beautiful parks. ͗ǂwZƔ̂ÂȓssłB Sore wa yoi gakkou to utsukushii kouen no aru shizuka-na toshi desu. In every part of the city we can see squirrels around the oak trees. ̓sŝׂĂ̒nŎB͊~̖̎͂ɂ肷鎖o܂B Sono toshi no subete-no chi-iki de watashitachi wa kashi no ki no shuui ni risu wo miru koto ga deki-masu. In spring many pretty birds return to us.
tɑ̂ꂢȒBɖ߂ė܂B Haru ni ooku-no kirei-na tori ga watashitachi ni modotte-ki-masu. Yesterday morning I saw a robin in an apple tree in our yard. ͎̂̒B̒̃S̖ŋ܂B Kinou no asa watashi wa watashitachi no naka-niwa no ringo no ki de komadori wo mi-mashita. The little bird looked happy in the sun. ̏Ȓ͓ȂōKɌ܂B Sono chiisa-na tori wa hinata de kouhuku-sou-ni mie-mashita. [3] [3] [3] Milestone 1 W P Ritei-hyou 1 English Around the World E̒̉p Sekai no naka no Eigo English is perhaps the most popular language in the world. p͂炭Eł|s[ȌłB Eigo wa osoraku sekai-juu de ichi-ban popyuraa-na gengo desu. In over 100 countries, students like you learn English at school. POOȏ̍ŁAȂB̂悤ȐkwZʼnpwт܂B 100 ijou no kuni de, anatatachi no you-na seito ga gakkou de Eigo wo manabi-masu. People also learn English by radio or television, or with cassette tapes. lтƂ̓WIerŁA邢̓JZbge[vłpwт܂B Hito-bito wa rajio ka terebi de, arui-wa kasetto teepu de mo Eigo wo manabi-masu. A great number of people speak English. ̐lтƂpb܂B Tasuu no hito-bito ga Eigo wo hanashi-masu. It is spoken as a native language in at least seven countries. ͏ȂƂV‚̍ŕꍑƂĘb܂B Sore wa sukunakutomo nanatsu no kuni de bokoku-go to shite hanasare-masu. More than 35 countries have English as one of their official languages. RTȏ̍ł͔ޓ̌̌̂ЂƂ‚Ƃĉpꂪ܂B 35 ijou no kuni de-wa karera no koushiki no gengo no hitotsu to shite Eigo ga ari-masu. Their governments publish laws and information in English, and sometimes classes at schools are taught in English. ޓ̐{͉pŖ@Ə\܂BĎǂwZ̎Ƃ͉pŋ܂B Karera no seihu wa Eigo de houritsu to jouhou wo happyou-shi-masu. Soshite toki-doki gakkou no jugyou wa Eigo de oshie-rare-masu. English has a history of about 1,500 years. pɂ͂悻PCTOON̗j܂B Eigo ni wa oyoso 1, 500 nen no rekishi ga ari-masu. In about the fifth century, the Angles and Saxons arrived in England from the northern parts of Europe. TIɁAAOƃTN\̓[bp̖k̒n悩CMXiCOhjɒ܂B Go seiki goro ni, Anguru zoku to Sakuson zoku wa Yooroppa no kita no chi-iki kara Igirisu iIngurandoj ni tsuki-mashita. Their language formed the basis of modern English. ޓ̌͋ߑp̓y܂B Karera no gengo wa kindai eigo no dodai wo tsukuri-mashita. The name 'English' came from 'Angles'. fpiEnglishjfƂÓfAOiAnglesjf痈܂B 'Eigo i English j' to iu namae wa 'Anguru zoku i Angles j' kara ki-mashita. [4] [4] [4] English has changed very much over the centuries. p͉IɂnĂւς܂B Eigo wa nan-seiki ni-mo watatte taihen kawari-mashita. It has borrowed a lot of words from other languages. ipj͂ق̌ꂩ瑽̂Ƃ܂B Sore iEigoj wa hoka no gengo kara ooku-no kotoba wo kari-mashita. 'Tea,' for example, comes from Chinese, and 'coffee' comes from Arabic. Ƃff͒ꂩ痈܂BāfR[q[f̓Arꂩ痈܂B Tatoeba 'Ocha' wa Chuugoku-go kara ki-mashita. Soshite 'koohii' wa Arabiya-go kara ki-mashita. 'Potato' came into English from the old language of Haiti. fWKCf̓nC`̌Âꂩp̒ɓė܂B 'Jaga-imo' wa Haichi no hurui gengo kara Eigo no naka ni haitte-ki-mashita. Even some Japanese words were taken into English. i‚́j{̂Ƃp̒֎܂B iIkutsu-ka noj Nihon-go no kotoba sae-mo ga Eigo no naka e tori-ire-rare-mashita. 'Kimono,' 'judo,' 'karate' and 'tsunami' are some of them. f́fAf_fAffƁfÔgf͂̓̂‚łB 'Kimono', 'juudou', 'karate' to 'tsunami' wa sorera no uchi no ikutsu-ka desu. English-speaking people sometimes ask Japanese people about 'noh.' pblтƂ͎ǂf\fɂ‚ē{̐lтƂɂ˂܂B Eigo wo hanasu hito-bito wa toki-doki 'nou' ni tsuite Nihon no hito-bito ni tazune-masu. And you must not forget 'kabuki.' ĂȂ́f̕fYĂ͂܂B Soshite anata wa 'kabuki' wo wasurete wa ike-masen. In the field of science and technology, many words come from Greek and Latin. ȊwƋZp̕ł́ÂƂMVƃeꂩ痈܂B Kagaku to gijutsu no bun-ya de-wa, ooku-no kotoba ga Girisha-go to Raten-go kara ki-mashita. 'Television' is a good example. feritelevisionjf͍DłB 'Terebi i television j' wa yoi rei desu. 'Tele' means 'far away' and 'vision' means 'seeing.' fTelef́fƉɁfӖAāfvisionf́ffӖ܂B 'Tele' wa 'zutto tooku ni' wo imi-shi, soshite 'vision' wa 'miru' wo imi-shi-masu. 'Tele' is from Greek and 'vision' is from Latin. fTelef̓MVꂩ痈Aāfvisionf̓eꂩ痈܂B 'Tele' wa Girisha-go kara ki, soshite 'vision' wa Raten-go kara ki-mashita. And we also have words like 'telephone,' 'telescope' and 'telepathy.' ĎB́fdbfAf]fƁfepV[f̂悤ȂƂĂ܂B Soshite watashitachi wa 'denwa', 'bouen-kyou' to 'terepashii' no you-na kotoba mo motte-i-masu. Today more and more people around the world use English. Ê܂܂̐lтƂpg܂B Kon-nichi sekai-juu no masumasu ooku no hito-bito ga Eigo wo tsukai-masu. For many of them it is not easy at first. ނ̂̑ɂƂĂ͍ŏ͊ȒPł͂܂B Karera no uchi no ooku ni totte sore wa saisho wa kantan-de-wa ari-masen. But when they know English, their life is much richer. ޓpm鎞Aޓ̐͂ƖLłB Shikashi karera ga Eigo wo shiru toki, karera no seikatsu wa zutto yutaka-desu. English can bring them new friends, new interests and new feelings. p͔ޓɐVFlAVivjVCij炷o܂B Eigo wa karera ni atarashii yuujin, atarashii kyoumi iri-ekij ya atarashii kimochi ikanjouj wo motarasu koto ga deki-masu. It is like a bridge to another world. ͂‚̐Eւ̋̂悤łB Sore wa mou ichi-tsu no sekai e no hashi no you desu. If you cross that bridge, English will really broaden your world, too. Ȃ̋nȂAp͖{ɂȂ̐ELł傤B Anata ga sono hashi wo wataru naraba, Eigo wa hontou-ni anata no sekai wo hiroge-mo suru deshou. [5] [5] [5] Highroad to English pւ̖{X Eigo e no hon kaidou The Thames eY Teemuzu-gawa The Thames is the longest river in England. eY̓CMXiCOhjłłB Teemuzu-gawa wa Igirisu iIngurandoj de ichi-ban nagai kawa desu. It has played an important part in the history of England. ̓CMX̗jŏdvȖ܂B Sore wa Igirisu no rekishi de juuyou-na yakuwari wo enji-mashita. When the Romans first saw the Thames at London, the forests came down to the banks. [}l߂ăh̃eYAX͓y܂ō~ėĂ܂B Rooma-jin ga hajimete Rondon no Teemuzu-gawa wo mita toki, mori wa dote made orite-kite-i-mashita. They used the river as a highway, and built their capital in England on its north bank and called it Londinium. ޓ̓nCEFCƂĂ̐g܂BĂ̖k݂ɁȉɁjCMXiCOhj̔ޓ̎sāALondiniumƌĂт܂B Karera wa hai-uei to shite sono kawa wo tsukai-mashita. Soshite sore no hokugan ni ino ue nij Igirisu iIngurandoj no karera no shuto wo tsukutte, sore wo Londinium to yobi-mashita. The Thames has meant different things to different people. eY͈قȂlтƂɈقȂӖ܂B Teemuzu-gawa wa kotonatta hito-bito ni kotonatta koto wo imi-shi-mashita. To some people, it is a river for sports. lтƂɂƂāA̓X|[cׂ̈̐łB Aru hito-bito ni-totte, sore wa supootsu no tame no kawa desu. In March or April of each year, thousands of people crowd its banks and watch the Oxford-Cambridge Boat Race. NRSɁAƂlтƂ̓yɎEāAIbNXtH[h|PubW{[g[X܂i̔ԂjB Mai nen san-gatsu ka shi-gatsu ni, nan-zen to iu hito-bito ga sore no dote ni sattou-shite, Okkusufoodo-Kenburiddsi Booto reesu wo mi-masu ino ban wo suruj. The race began in 1829, and on the race day the life of the English people stop for a few hours. ̋͂PWQXNɎn܂܂Bċ̓ɂ̃CMX̐lтƂ̐͂QARԎ~܂܂B Sono kyousou wa 1829 nen ni hajimari-mashita. Soshite kyousou no hi ni sono Igirisu no hito-bito no seikatsu wa ni, san jikan tomari-masu. To others, the river is a source of inspiration. ̐lXɂ́A͗슴̌łB Hoka no hito-bito ni-wa, kawa wa reikan no minamoto desu. Turner and Monet painted it again and again. ^[i[ƃl͂ȂxȂx`܂B Taanaa to Mone wa sore wo nandomo nandomo egaki-mashita. Spencer's famous line, "Sweet Thames, run softly, till I end my song," is loved by many people. XyT[̗LȂPsAuƂeYAÂɗȂẢ̂I鎞܂Łv͑̐lтƂɈĂ܂B Supensaa no yuumei-na ichi gyou, "Itoshii Teemuzu-gawa, shizuka-ni nagare-nasai, watashi ga watashi no uta wo oeru toki made," wa ooku-no hito-bito ni aisarete-i-masu. To some others, the Thames is a working river. l̑̐lXɂƂāAeY͓łB Iku nin-ka no hoka no hito-bito ni-totte, Teemuzu-gawa wa hataraku kawa desu. More than a thousand ships a week put in and London is now England's biggest port. TLjȏ̑D`Aăh͍CMX̂傫ȍ`łB Mai-shuu sen seki ijou no hune ga kikou-shi, soshite Rondon wa ima Igirisu no ichi-ban ooki-na minato desu. The Thames not only does good to London and Londoners: it can also be dangerous. eY̓hƃhsɂP邾ł͂܂F͊댯ł"\܂B Teemuzu-gawa wa Rondon to Rondon shimin-tachi ni tada zen wo suru dake de-wa ari-masen: sore wa kiken de-aru kanou-sei mo ari-masu. Many lives were lost in the floods of 1928 and 1953. ̂̂PXQWNƂPXTRN̍^ŖSȂ܂B Ooku-no inochi ga 1928 nen to 1953 nen no kouzui de nakunari-mashita. Against its flooding a barrier was built in 1983. ̔×̂ɂȂĖhǂPXWRNɑ܂B Sore no hanran-suru-no ni sonaete bouheki ga 1983 nen ni tsukurare-mashita. It is 523 meters wide and is the world's largest movable flood barrier. ͍L͂TQR[gŁAEł傫ȉ"^hǂłB Sore wa hiro-sa wa 523 meetoru de, sekai de ichi-ban ooki-na kadou-shiki kouzui bouheki desu. Some new city plans are under way and great changes are taking place along the Thames. íjVssv悪isłA傫ȕωeYɉċNĂ܂B iIkuken-ka noj atarashii toshi keikaku ga shinkou-chuu de-ari, ookina henka ga Teemuzu-gawa ni sotte okotte-i-masu. But the Thames will always mirror on its waters the Houses of Parliament, the South Bank Centre, offices and bridges. eY͂‚cAsZ^[A⋴̐ʂɉfoł傤B Shikashi Teemuzu-gawa wa itsumo Kokkai Gijidou, Minami Ginkou Sentaa, jimusho ya hashi wo sono suimen ni utsushi-dasu deshou. The Thames will always mirror the life of London and Londoners. eY͂‚hƃhs̐foł傤B Teemuzu-gawa wa itsumo Rondon to Rondon shimin-tachi no seikatsu wo utsushi-dasu deshou. [6] [6] [6] How Were the Time Zones Decided? ԑт͂ǂ̂悤Ɍ߂ꂽH Jikan-tai wa dono you-ni kime-rareta ka? Before time zones were set up, there was a great trouble, especially to people who wanted to travel by train in a big country. ԑтݗOɂ́A傫Ȃ߂ǂL܂Aɑ傫ȍŗԂŗsƎvĂlтƂɁB Jikan-tai ga setsuritsu-sareru mae ni-wa, ookina mendou ga ari-mashita, toku-ni ooki-na kuni de ressha de ryokou-shi-tai to omotte-ita hito-bito ni. To end this trouble, the United States in 1883 began using a system of standard time zones. ̂߂ǂI点邽߂ɁAAJO͂PWWRNɕWԑт̑̌nijgn߂܂B Kono mendou wo owaraseru tame ni, Amerika Gasshuu-koku wa 1883 nen ni hyoujun jikan tai no taikei ihoushikij wo tsukai hajime-mashita. In 1884 an international conference was held in Washington, D.C., to set up a system which would work all over the world. PWWSNɍۓIcVgł您܂AEœ낤̌nijݗ邽߂ɁB 1884 nen ni kokusai-teki kaigi ga Washinton de moyoo-sare-mashita, sekai-juu de hataraku darou taikei ihoushikij wo setsuritsu-suru tame ni. The earth was divided into 24 zones. n͂QS̒nтɕ܂B Chikyuu wa 24 no chitai ni wake-rare-mashita. This was a good idea, because each zone covers 15 degrees of longitude and the earth turns by 15 degrees each hour. ꂼ̒nтPTx̌oxAn͖ԂPTx]̂ŁA͗ǂlłB Sore-zore no chitai ga 15 do no keido wo ooi, chikyuu wa mai jikan 15 do kaiten-suru no-de, kore wa yoi kangae deshita. The time in each zone is the same, and the difference between one zone and the next is just one hour. ꂼ̒nт͓̎łBĂP‚̒nтƎ̂̂̊Ԃ̂͒xPԂłB Sore-zore no chitai no toki wa onaji desu. Soshite hitotsu no chitai to tsugi no mono no aida no chigai wa choudo ichi jikan desu. Greenwich, England was selected the starting point. CMXiCOhj̃OjbW͏o_ɑI܂B Igirisu iIngurandoj no Gurinijji wa shuppatsu-ten ni erabare-mashita. So, when it is noon in Greenwich, the time in the next zone east of Greenwich is 1 P.M. ŁAOjbWŐ߂ł鎞AOjbW̓̎̒nт̎͌ߌPłB Sore-de, Gurinijji de shougo de-aru toki, Gurinijji no higashi no tsugi no chitai no toki wa gogo 1 ji desu. The time in the next zone on the west is 11 A.M. ̎̒nт̂̎͌ߑOPPłB Nishi no tsugi no chitai no sono toki wa gozen 11 ji desu. In New York, five zones west of Greenwich, the time is 7 A.M. OjbŴT‚̒nѐ̃j[[Nł́A̎͌ߑOVłB Gurinijji no itsutsu no chitai nishi no Nyuu-yooku de-wa, sono jikoku wa gozen 7 ji desu. The United States is divided into four zones. AJO͂S‚̒nтɕ܂B Amerika Gasshuu-koku wa yottsu no chitai ni wake-rare-masu. The time in those zones are called Eastern, Central, Mountain, and Pacific Standard Time. ̒nт͓̎AARAđm̕WƌĂ܂B Sorera no chitai no jikoku wa Higashi, Chuuou, Yama, soshite Taihei-you no hyoujun-ji to yobare-masu. On the opposite side of the world from Greenwich is another dividing line, the International Date Line. OjbW琢E̔̑ɂ{̕AtύX܂B Gurinijji kara sekai no hantai no gawa ni mou ippon no bunkatsu-sen, Hidsuke-henkou-sen ga ari-masu. When it is noon at Greenwich it is midnight at the International Date Line. OjbWŐ߂ł鎞tύXł͐^钆łB Gurinijji de shougo de-aru toki Hidsuke-henkou-sen de-wa ma-yonaka desu. When you cross the line, you gain or lose a day. Ȃ͂̐鎞A邩܂B Anata wa sono sen wo yoko-giru toki, ichi nichi wo eru ka ushinai-masu. You gain a day when you are moving east, and you lose a day when you are moving west. Ȃ͓ɈړĂ鎞A܂BĂȂ͐ɈړĂ鎞A܂B Anata wa higashi ni idou-shite-iru toki, ichi nichi wo e-masu. Soshite anata wa nishi ni idou-shite-iru toki, ichi nichi wo ushinai-masu. Lesson 11 11 Dai 11 ka Mr. Green: Have you finished yet, Ann? O[uȂ͂I܂AAHv Guriin shi "Anata wa mou owari-mashita ka, An?" Ann: No, I haven't. I have to write a little more. AuAIĂ܂B͂ȂȂ܂Bv An "Iie, owatte-i-masen. Watashi wa mou sukoshi kaka-nakereba nari-masen." He does his work very well, and some day he is going to be the manager of a big factory - at least, he hopes so, and his girl friend, Susan, hopes so too. ނ͎dƂĂǂ܂BĂ‚ނ͑傫ȍH̃}l[W[ɂȂ낤ƂĂ܂ - ȂƂÂ悤ɖ]݂܂BĔނ̃K[thAX[UÂ悤ɖ]݂܂B Kare wa shigoto wo totemo yoku yari-masu. Soshite itsu-ka kare wa ooki-na koujou no maneejaa ni narou to shite-i-masu - sukunakutomo, sono you-ni nozomi-masu. Soshite kare no gaaru-hurendo, Suuzan, mo sono you-ni nozomi-masu. [] [] [] His 'eyes' were suddenly fixed upon Dr. Newman. ނ́fځf͓ˑRNewmanmɌ܂B Kare no 'me' wa totsuzen Newman hakushi ni muke-rare-mashita. It was like standing before the open lens of a large camera. ͑傫ȃJ̊JĂ郌Y̑OɗĂ悤łB Sore wa ooki-na kamera no hiraite-iru renzu no mae ni tatte-iru you deshita. The steel fist gripping the gun remained tight and steady. e般Ă|ŜԂ͌ł肵ĕۂĂ܂B Kenjuu wo shikkari nigitte-iru koutetsu-sei no kobushi wa kataku antei-shite tamotare-te-i-mashita. [] [] [] She had two very special friends who came to see her every day. ޏ͖ɗQl̂ƂĂʂȗFl܂B Kanojo wa mai nichi ai-ni kita hutari no totemo tokubetsu-na yuujin ga i-mashita. He was a member of the British rock group, the Beatles. ނ̓CMX̃bÑO[vłr[gỸo[łB Kare wa Igirisu no rokku no guruupu de-aru Biitoruzu no menbaa deshita. Many people go there because they know about his wish for peace. ̐lтƂ͔ނ̕aւ̊肢ɊւĒmĂ̂ŁA֍s܂B Ooku-no hito-bito wa kare no heiwa e no negai ni kanshite shitte-iru no-de, soko e yuki-masu. [] [] [] Air Is Powerful C͋͂ł Kuuki wa Kyouryoku desu You know that air has power, don't you? Ȃ͋Cɂ͗͂ƂmĂł傤H Anata wa kuuki ni-wa chikara ga aru to iu koto wo shitte-iru deshou? [] [] [] There is an interesting story about an Englishman who was traveling among the Pacific islands. m̓̊ԂŗsĂCMXlɂ‚Ă̂낢b܂B Taihei-you no shima no aida de ryokou-shite-ita Igirisu-jin ni tsuite no omoshiroi hanashi ga ari-masu. [] [] [] Here they killed a calf for dinner. Ŕޓ͗[ḦׂɎqE܂B Koko de karera wa yuushoku no tame ni ko-ushi wo koroshi-mashita. They intended to cross back to their own home the next day and camped by the shore. ޓ̗͂ޓg̉ƂɓnċA‚ŁA݂ŃLv܂B Karera wa sono yokujitsu karera jishin no ie ni watatte kaeru tsumori de, kishi de kyanpu-shi-mashita. [] [] [] For example, dogs are easily trained to respond to commands, to recognize people, and even to distinguish between musical sounds. ƂA͖߂ɔAlтƂ̌‚Aỷ̈Ⴂʂ邽߂ɂ₷P܂B Tatoeba, inu wa meirei ni han-nou wo shimeshi, hito-bito no mi-wake ga tsuki, ongaku no oto no chigai wo shikibetsu-suru tame ni sae-mo tayasuku kunren-sare-masu. [] [] [] She often looked out of the window at the wall across the yard. ޏ͂Α璆̌̕ǂ߂܂B Kanojo wa shiba-shiba mado kara naka-niwa no mukou no kabe wo nagame-mashita. Johnsy has very little chance of getting well again. WV[͌N錩݂wǂȂłB Jonshii wa kenkou ga kaihuku-suru mikomi ga hotondo nai desu.
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